[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":1705},["ShallowReactive",2],{"global-navigation":3,"page-\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fcharacters-and-strings-str\u002Fstr53-cpp":28,"surround-\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fcharacters-and-strings-str\u002Fstr53-cpp":1000,"sidebar-sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard":1008},[4,8],{"title":5,"path":6,"_path":6,"fromAppConfig":7},"Home","\u002F",true,{"title":9,"path":10,"children":11,"_path":27,"fromAppConfig":7},"Coding Standards","\u002Fcoding-standards\u002F",[12,15,18,21,24],{"title":13,"path":14},"Android Coding Standard","\u002Fandroid-secure-coding-standard\u002F",{"title":16,"path":17},"C Coding Standard","\u002Fsei-cert-c-coding-standard\u002F",{"title":19,"path":20},"C++ Coding Standard","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F",{"title":22,"path":23},"Java Coding Standard","\u002Fsei-cert-oracle-coding-standard-for-java\u002F",{"title":25,"path":26},"Perl Coding Standard","\u002Fsei-cert-perl-coding-standard\u002F","\u002Fcoding-standards",{"id":29,"title":30,"body":31,"description":986,"extension":987,"meta":988,"navigation":7,"path":996,"seo":997,"stem":998,"__hash__":999},"content\u002F5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F02.characters-and-strings-str\u002F4.str53-cpp.md","STR53-CPP. Range check element access",{"type":32,"value":33,"toc":973},"minimark",[34,38,77,92,109,114,123,245,257,284,287,295,297,300,306,416,420,426,551,555,563,629,634,855,859,873,877,900,904,944,947,969],[35,36,30],"h1",{"id":37},"str53-cpp-range-check-element-access",[39,40,41,42,46,47,50,51,54,55,58,59,62,63,66,67,70,71,76],"p",{},"The ",[43,44,45],"code",{},"std::string"," index operators ",[43,48,49],{},"  const_reference operator[](size_type) const ","and",[43,52,53],{},"  reference operator[](size_type) "," return the character stored at the specified position, ",[43,56,57],{},"pos"," . When ",[43,60,61],{},"  pos >= size() "," , a reference to an object of type ",[43,64,65],{},"charT"," with value ",[43,68,69],{},"charT()"," is returned. The index operators are unchecked (no exceptions are thrown for range errors), and attempting to modify the resulting out-of-range object results in ",[72,73,75],"a",{"href":74},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Fbb-definitions#BB.Definitions-undefinedbehavior","undefined behavior"," .",[39,78,79,80,83,84,87,88,91],{},"Similarly, the ",[43,81,82],{},"std::string::back()"," and ",[43,85,86],{},"std::string::front()"," functions are unchecked as they are defined to call through to the appropriate ",[43,89,90],{},"operator[]()"," without throwing.",[39,93,94,95,98,99,101,102,104,105,76],{},"Do not pass an out-of-range value as an argument to ",[43,96,97],{},"std::string::operator[]()"," . Similarly, do not call ",[43,100,82],{}," or ",[43,103,86],{}," on an empty string. This rule is a specific instance of ",[72,106,108],{"href":107},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fcontainers-ctr\u002Fctr50-cpp","CTR50-CPP. Guarantee that container indices and iterators are within the valid range",[110,111,113],"h2",{"id":112},"noncompliant-code-example","Noncompliant Code Example",[39,115,116,117,120,121,76],{},"In this noncompliant code example, the value returned by the call to ",[43,118,119],{},"get_index()"," may be greater than the number of elements stored in the string, resulting in ",[72,122,75],{"href":74},[124,125,127],"code-block",{"quality":126},"bad",[128,129,134],"pre",{"className":130,"code":131,"language":132,"meta":133,"style":133},"language-cpp shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark monokai","#include \u003Cstring>\n \nextern std::size_t get_index();\n \nvoid f() {\n  std::string s(\"01234567\");\n  s[get_index()] = '1';\n}\n","cpp","",[43,135,136,149,156,180,185,197,218,239],{"__ignoreMap":133},[137,138,141,145],"span",{"class":139,"line":140},"line",1,[137,142,144],{"class":143},"sC2Qs","#include",[137,146,148],{"class":147},"sstjo"," \u003Cstring>\n",[137,150,152],{"class":139,"line":151},2,[137,153,155],{"class":154},"sMOD_"," \n",[137,157,159,162,166,169,173,177],{"class":139,"line":158},3,[137,160,161],{"class":143},"extern",[137,163,165],{"class":164},"sz2Vg"," std",[137,167,168],{"class":154},"::",[137,170,172],{"class":171},"sq6CD","size_t",[137,174,176],{"class":175},"srTi1"," get_index",[137,178,179],{"class":154},"();\n",[137,181,183],{"class":139,"line":182},4,[137,184,155],{"class":154},[137,186,188,191,194],{"class":139,"line":187},5,[137,189,190],{"class":171},"void",[137,192,193],{"class":175}," f",[137,195,196],{"class":154},"() {\n",[137,198,200,203,206,209,212,215],{"class":139,"line":199},6,[137,201,202],{"class":164},"  std",[137,204,205],{"class":154},"::string ",[137,207,208],{"class":175},"s",[137,210,211],{"class":154},"(",[137,213,214],{"class":147},"\"01234567\"",[137,216,217],{"class":154},");\n",[137,219,221,224,227,230,233,236],{"class":139,"line":220},7,[137,222,223],{"class":154},"  s[",[137,225,226],{"class":175},"get_index",[137,228,229],{"class":154},"()] ",[137,231,232],{"class":143},"=",[137,234,235],{"class":147}," '1'",[137,237,238],{"class":154},";\n",[137,240,242],{"class":139,"line":241},8,[137,243,244],{"class":154},"}\n",[110,246,248,249,252,253,256],{"id":247},"compliant-solution-try-catch","Compliant Solution ( ",[43,250,251],{},"try"," \u002F ",[43,254,255],{},"catch"," )",[39,258,259,260,263,264,267,268,271,272,275,276],{},"This compliant solution uses the ",[43,261,262],{},"std::basic_string::at()"," function, which behaves in a similar fashion to the index ",[43,265,266],{},"operator[]"," but throws a ",[43,269,270],{},"std::out_of_range"," exception if ",[43,273,274],{},"  pos >= size(). ","::code-block{quality=\"good\"}``` cpp\n#include ",[277,278,279,280],"stdexcept",{},"\n#include ",[281,282,283],"string",{},"\nextern std::size_t get_index();",[39,285,286],{},"void f() {\nstd::string s(\"01234567\");\ntry {\ns.at(get_index()) = '1';\n} catch (std::out_of_range &) {\n\u002F\u002F Handle error\n}\n}",[128,288,293],{"className":289,"code":291,"language":292},[290],"language-text","\n::\n\n## Compliant Solution (Range Check)\n\nThis compliant solution checks that the value returned by `get_index()` is within a valid range before calling `operator[]().`\n\n::code-block{quality=\"good\"}\n\n``` cpp\n#include \u003Cstring>\n\nextern std::size_t get_index();\n\nvoid f() {\n  std::string s(\"01234567\");\n  std::size_t i = get_index();\n  if (i \u003C s.length()) {\n    s[i] = '1';\n  } else {\n    \u002F\u002F Handle error\n  }\n}\n","text",[43,294,291],{"__ignoreMap":133},[39,296,168],{},[110,298,113],{"id":299},"noncompliant-code-example-1",[39,301,302,303,76],{},"This noncompliant code example attempts to replace the initial character in the string with a capitalized equivalent. However, if the given string is empty, the behavior is ",[72,304,305],{"href":74},"undefined",[124,307,308],{"quality":126},[128,309,311],{"className":130,"code":310,"language":132,"meta":133,"style":133},"#include \u003Cstring>\n#include \u003Clocale>\n\nvoid capitalize(std::string &s) {\n  std::locale loc;\n  s.front() = std::use_facet\u003Cstd::ctype\u003Cchar>>(loc).toupper(s.front());\n}\n",[43,312,313,319,326,331,356,363,412],{"__ignoreMap":133},[137,314,315,317],{"class":139,"line":140},[137,316,144],{"class":143},[137,318,148],{"class":147},[137,320,321,323],{"class":139,"line":151},[137,322,144],{"class":143},[137,324,325],{"class":147}," \u003Clocale>\n",[137,327,328],{"class":139,"line":158},[137,329,330],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":7},"\n",[137,332,333,335,338,340,343,345,347,350,353],{"class":139,"line":182},[137,334,190],{"class":171},[137,336,337],{"class":175}," capitalize",[137,339,211],{"class":154},[137,341,342],{"class":164},"std",[137,344,168],{"class":154},[137,346,281],{"class":164},[137,348,349],{"class":143}," &",[137,351,208],{"class":352},"sTHNf",[137,354,355],{"class":154},") {\n",[137,357,358,360],{"class":139,"line":187},[137,359,202],{"class":164},[137,361,362],{"class":154},"::locale loc;\n",[137,364,365,368,371,374,376,378,380,383,386,388,390,393,395,398,401,404,407,409],{"class":139,"line":199},[137,366,367],{"class":154},"  s.",[137,369,370],{"class":175},"front",[137,372,373],{"class":154},"() ",[137,375,232],{"class":143},[137,377,165],{"class":164},[137,379,168],{"class":154},[137,381,382],{"class":175},"use_facet",[137,384,385],{"class":154},"\u003C",[137,387,342],{"class":164},[137,389,168],{"class":154},[137,391,392],{"class":164},"ctype",[137,394,385],{"class":154},[137,396,397],{"class":171},"char",[137,399,400],{"class":154},">>(loc).",[137,402,403],{"class":175},"toupper",[137,405,406],{"class":154},"(s.",[137,408,370],{"class":175},[137,410,411],{"class":154},"());\n",[137,413,414],{"class":139,"line":220},[137,415,244],{"class":154},[110,417,419],{"id":418},"compliant-solution","Compliant Solution",[39,421,422,423,425],{},"In this compliant solution, the call to ",[43,424,86],{}," is made only if the string is not empty.",[124,427,429],{"quality":428},"good",[128,430,432],{"className":130,"code":431,"language":132,"meta":133,"style":133},"#include \u003Cstring>\n#include \u003Clocale>\n\nvoid capitalize(std::string &s) {\n  if (s.empty()) {\n    return;\n  }\n\n  std::locale loc;\n  s.front() = std::use_facet\u003Cstd::ctype\u003Cchar>>(loc).toupper(s.front());\n}\n",[43,433,434,440,446,450,470,484,491,496,500,507,546],{"__ignoreMap":133},[137,435,436,438],{"class":139,"line":140},[137,437,144],{"class":143},[137,439,148],{"class":147},[137,441,442,444],{"class":139,"line":151},[137,443,144],{"class":143},[137,445,325],{"class":147},[137,447,448],{"class":139,"line":158},[137,449,330],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":7},[137,451,452,454,456,458,460,462,464,466,468],{"class":139,"line":182},[137,453,190],{"class":171},[137,455,337],{"class":175},[137,457,211],{"class":154},[137,459,342],{"class":164},[137,461,168],{"class":154},[137,463,281],{"class":164},[137,465,349],{"class":143},[137,467,208],{"class":352},[137,469,355],{"class":154},[137,471,472,475,478,481],{"class":139,"line":187},[137,473,474],{"class":143},"  if",[137,476,477],{"class":154}," (s.",[137,479,480],{"class":175},"empty",[137,482,483],{"class":154},"()) {\n",[137,485,486,489],{"class":139,"line":199},[137,487,488],{"class":143},"    return",[137,490,238],{"class":154},[137,492,493],{"class":139,"line":220},[137,494,495],{"class":154},"  }\n",[137,497,498],{"class":139,"line":241},[137,499,330],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":7},[137,501,503,505],{"class":139,"line":502},9,[137,504,202],{"class":164},[137,506,362],{"class":154},[137,508,510,512,514,516,518,520,522,524,526,528,530,532,534,536,538,540,542,544],{"class":139,"line":509},10,[137,511,367],{"class":154},[137,513,370],{"class":175},[137,515,373],{"class":154},[137,517,232],{"class":143},[137,519,165],{"class":164},[137,521,168],{"class":154},[137,523,382],{"class":175},[137,525,385],{"class":154},[137,527,342],{"class":164},[137,529,168],{"class":154},[137,531,392],{"class":164},[137,533,385],{"class":154},[137,535,397],{"class":171},[137,537,400],{"class":154},[137,539,403],{"class":175},[137,541,406],{"class":154},[137,543,370],{"class":175},[137,545,411],{"class":154},[137,547,549],{"class":139,"line":548},11,[137,550,244],{"class":154},[110,552,554],{"id":553},"risk-assessment","Risk Assessment",[39,556,557,558,562],{},"Unchecked element access can lead to out-of-bound reads and writes and write-anywhere ",[72,559,561],{"href":560},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Fbb-definitions#BB.Definitions-exploit","exploits"," . These exploits can, in turn, lead to the execution of arbitrary code with the permissions of the vulnerable process.",[564,565,566,567,566,597],"table",{},"\n  ",[568,569,570,571,566],"thead",{},"\n    ",[572,573,574,575,574,579,574,582,574,585,574,588,574,591,574,594,570],"tr",{},"\n      ",[576,577,578],"th",{},"Rule",[576,580,581],{},"Severity",[576,583,584],{},"Likelihood",[576,586,587],{},"Detectable",[576,589,590],{},"Repairable",[576,592,593],{},"Priority",[576,595,596],{},"Level",[598,599,570,600,566],"tbody",{},[572,601,574,602,574,606,574,609,574,612,574,615,574,617,574,624,570],{},[603,604,605],"td",{},"STR53-CPP",[603,607,608],{},"High",[603,610,611],{},"Unlikely",[603,613,614],{},"No",[603,616,614],{},[603,618,620],{"style":619},"color: #27ae60;",[621,622,623],"b",{},"P3",[603,625,626],{"style":619},[621,627,628],{},"L3",[630,631,633],"h3",{"id":632},"automated-detection","Automated Detection",[564,635,638,664],{"className":636},[637],"wrapped",[568,639,640],{},[572,641,644,649,654,659],{"className":642},[643],"header",[576,645,646],{},[39,647,648],{},"Tool",[576,650,651],{},[39,652,653],{},"Version",[576,655,656],{},[39,657,658],{},"Checker",[576,660,661],{},[39,662,663],{},"Description",[598,665,666,699,757,785,811],{},[572,667,670,676,686,695],{"className":668},[669],"odd",[603,671,672],{},[72,673,675],{"href":674},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Fcc-analyzers\u002Fastree","Astrée",[603,677,678],{},[679,680,683],"div",{"className":681},[682],"content-wrapper",[39,684,685],{},"25.10",[603,687,688],{},[689,690,691,692],"strong",{},"assert_failure",[693,694],"br",{},[603,696,697],{},[693,698],{},[572,700,703,709,715,742],{"className":701},[702],"even",[603,704,705],{},[72,706,708],{"href":707},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Fcc-analyzers\u002Fcodesonar","CodeSonar",[603,710,711],{},[679,712,714],{"className":713},[682],"9.1p0",[603,716,717],{},[39,718,719,722,724,727,729,732,734,737,739],{},[689,720,721],{},"LANG.MEM.BO",[693,723],{},[689,725,726],{},"LANG.MEM.BU",[693,728],{},[689,730,731],{},"LANG.MEM.TBA",[693,733],{},[689,735,736],{},"LANG.MEM.TO",[693,738],{},[689,740,741],{},"LANG.MEM.TU",[603,743,744,745,747,748,750,751,753,754,756],{},"Buffer overrun",[693,746],{},"\nBuffer underrun",[693,749],{},"\nTainted buffer access",[693,752],{},"\nType overrun",[693,755],{},"\nType underrun",[572,758,760,766,774,781],{"className":759},[669],[603,761,762],{},[72,763,765],{"href":764},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Fcc-analyzers\u002Fhelix-qac","Helix QAC",[603,767,768],{},[679,769,771],{"className":770},[682],[39,772,773],{},"2025.2",[603,775,776],{},[39,777,778],{},[689,779,780],{},"C++3162, C++3163, C++3164, C++3165",[603,782,783],{},[693,784],{},[572,786,788,794,799,806],{"className":787},[702],[603,789,790],{},[72,791,793],{"href":792},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Fcc-analyzers\u002Fparasoft","Parasoft C\u002FC++test",[603,795,796],{},[679,797,773],{"className":798},[682],[603,800,801],{},[39,802,803],{},[689,804,805],{},"CERT_CPP-STR53-a",[603,807,808],{},[39,809,810],{},"Guarantee that container indices are within the valid range",[572,812,814,820,828,834],{"className":813},[669],[603,815,816],{},[72,817,819],{"href":818},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Fcc-analyzers\u002Fpolyspace-bug-finder","Polyspace Bug Finder",[603,821,822],{},[679,823,825],{"className":824},[682],[39,826,827],{},"R2025b",[603,829,830],{},[72,831,833],{"href":832},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.mathworks.com\u002Fhelp\u002Fbugfinder\u002Fref\u002Fcertcstr53cpp.html","CERT C++: STR53-CPP",[603,835,836,839,852],{},[39,837,838],{},"Checks for:",[840,841,842,846,849],"ul",{},[843,844,845],"li",{},"Array access out of bounds",[843,847,848],{},"Array access with tainted index",[843,850,851],{},"Pointer dereference with tainted offset",[39,853,854],{},"Rule partially covered.",[630,856,858],{"id":857},"related-vulnerabilities","Related Vulnerabilities",[39,860,861,862,866,867,76],{},"Search for ",[72,863,865],{"href":864},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Fbb-definitions#BB.Definitions-vulnerability","vulnerabilities"," resulting from the violation of this rule on the ",[72,868,872],{"href":869,"rel":870},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kb.cert.org\u002Fvulnotes\u002Fbymetric?searchview&query=FIELD+KEYWORDS+contains+STR39-CPP",[871],"nofollow","CERT website",[110,874,876],{"id":875},"related-guidelines","Related Guidelines",[564,878,879,887],{},[568,880,881],{},[572,882,883,885],{},[576,884],{},[576,886],{},[598,888,889],{},[572,890,891,896],{},[603,892,893],{},[72,894,895],{"href":20},"SEI CERT C++ Coding Standard",[603,897,898],{},[72,899,108],{"href":107},[110,901,903],{"id":902},"bibliography","Bibliography",[564,905,906,914],{},[568,907,908],{},[572,909,910,912],{},[576,911],{},[576,913],{},[598,915,916,933],{},[572,917,918,926],{},[603,919,920,921,925],{},"[ ",[72,922,924],{"href":923},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Faa-bibliography#AA.Bibliography-ISO\u002FIEC14882-2014","ISO\u002FIEC 14882-2014"," ]",[603,927,928,929,932],{},"Subclause 21.4.5, \" ",[43,930,931],{},"basic_string"," Element Access\"",[572,934,935,941],{},[603,936,920,937,925],{},[72,938,940],{"href":939},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Faa-bibliography#AA.Bibliography-Seacord2013","Seacord 2013",[603,942,943],{},"Chapter 2, \"Strings\"",[945,946],"hr",{},[39,948,949,956,957,956,963],{},[72,950,952],{"href":951},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fcharacters-and-strings-str\u002Fstr52-cpp",[953,954],"img",{"src":955},"\u002Fattachments\u002F88046682\u002F88480621.png"," 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Do not define an unnamed namespace in a header file","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fdeclarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002Fdcl59-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F05.declarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002F11.dcl59-cpp",{"title":1221,"path":1222,"stem":1223},"DCL60-CPP. Obey the one-definition rule","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fdeclarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002Fdcl60-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F05.declarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002F12.dcl60-cpp",{"title":1225,"path":1226,"stem":1227,"children":1228},"Exceptions and Error Handling (ERR)","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F01.index",[1229,1230,1234,1238,1242,1246,1250,1254,1258,1262,1266,1270,1274,1278],{"title":1225,"path":1226,"stem":1227},{"title":1231,"path":1232,"stem":1233},"ERR50-CPP. Do not abruptly terminate the program","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr50-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F02.err50-cpp",{"title":1235,"path":1236,"stem":1237},"ERR51-CPP. Handle all exceptions","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr51-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F03.err51-cpp",{"title":1239,"path":1240,"stem":1241},"ERR52-CPP. Do not use setjmp() or longjmp()","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr52-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F04.err52-cpp",{"title":1243,"path":1244,"stem":1245},"ERR53-CPP. Do not reference base classes or class data members in a constructor or destructor function-try-block handler","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr53-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F05.err53-cpp",{"title":1247,"path":1248,"stem":1249},"ERR54-CPP. Catch handlers should order their parameter types from most derived to least derived","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr54-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F06.err54-cpp",{"title":1251,"path":1252,"stem":1253},"ERR55-CPP. Honor exception specifications","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr55-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F07.err55-cpp",{"title":1255,"path":1256,"stem":1257},"ERR56-CPP. Guarantee exception safety","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr56-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F08.err56-cpp",{"title":1259,"path":1260,"stem":1261},"ERR57-CPP. Do not leak resources when handling exceptions","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr57-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F09.err57-cpp",{"title":1263,"path":1264,"stem":1265},"ERR58-CPP. Handle all exceptions thrown before main() begins executing","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr58-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F10.err58-cpp",{"title":1267,"path":1268,"stem":1269},"ERR59-CPP. Do not throw an exception across execution boundaries","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr59-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F11.err59-cpp",{"title":1271,"path":1272,"stem":1273},"ERR60-CPP. Exception objects must be nothrow copy constructible","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr60-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F12.err60-cpp",{"title":1275,"path":1276,"stem":1277},"ERR61-CPP. Catch exceptions by lvalue reference","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr61-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F13.err61-cpp",{"title":1279,"path":1280,"stem":1281},"ERR62-CPP. Detect errors when converting a string to a number","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr62-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F14.err62-cpp",{"title":1283,"path":1284,"stem":1285,"children":1286},"Expressions (EXP)","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F01.index",[1287,1288,1292,1296,1300,1304,1308,1312,1316,1320,1324,1328,1332,1336,1340],{"title":1283,"path":1284,"stem":1285},{"title":1289,"path":1290,"stem":1291},"EXP50-CPP. Do not depend on the order of evaluation for side effects","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp50-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F02.exp50-cpp",{"title":1293,"path":1294,"stem":1295},"EXP51-CPP. Do not delete an array through a pointer of the incorrect type","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp51-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F03.exp51-cpp",{"title":1297,"path":1298,"stem":1299},"EXP52-CPP. Do not rely on side effects in unevaluated operands","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp52-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F04.exp52-cpp",{"title":1301,"path":1302,"stem":1303},"EXP53-CPP. Do not read uninitialized memory","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp53-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F05.exp53-cpp",{"title":1305,"path":1306,"stem":1307},"EXP54-CPP. Do not access an object outside of its lifetime","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp54-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F06.exp54-cpp",{"title":1309,"path":1310,"stem":1311},"EXP55-CPP. Do not access a cv-qualified object through a cv-unqualified type","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp55-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F07.exp55-cpp",{"title":1313,"path":1314,"stem":1315},"EXP56-CPP. Do not call a function with a mismatched language linkage","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp56-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F08.exp56-cpp",{"title":1317,"path":1318,"stem":1319},"EXP57-CPP. Do not cast or delete pointers to incomplete classes","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp57-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F09.exp57-cpp",{"title":1321,"path":1322,"stem":1323},"EXP58-CPP. Pass an object of the correct type to va_start","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp58-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F10.exp58-cpp",{"title":1325,"path":1326,"stem":1327},"EXP59-CPP. Use offsetof() on valid types and members","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp59-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F11.exp59-cpp",{"title":1329,"path":1330,"stem":1331},"EXP60-CPP. Do not pass a nonstandard-layout type object across execution boundaries","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp60-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F12.exp60-cpp",{"title":1333,"path":1334,"stem":1335},"EXP61-CPP. A lambda object must not outlive any of its reference captured objects","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp61-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F13.exp61-cpp",{"title":1337,"path":1338,"stem":1339},"EXP62-CPP. Do not access the bits of an object representation that are not part of the object's value representation","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp62-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F14.exp62-cpp",{"title":1341,"path":1342,"stem":1343},"EXP63-CPP. Do not rely on the value of a moved-from object","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp63-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F15.exp63-cpp",{"title":1345,"path":1346,"stem":1347,"children":1348},"Input Output (FIO)","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Finput-output-fio","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F08.input-output-fio\u002F1.index",[1349,1350,1354],{"title":1345,"path":1346,"stem":1347},{"title":1351,"path":1352,"stem":1353},"FIO50-CPP. Do not alternately input and output from a file stream without an intervening positioning call","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Finput-output-fio\u002Ffio50-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F08.input-output-fio\u002F2.fio50-cpp",{"title":1355,"path":1356,"stem":1357},"FIO51-CPP. Close files when they are no longer needed","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Finput-output-fio\u002Ffio51-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F08.input-output-fio\u002F3.fio51-cpp",{"title":1359,"path":1360,"stem":1361,"children":1362},"Integers (INT)","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fintegers-int","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F09.integers-int\u002F1.index",[1363,1364],{"title":1359,"path":1360,"stem":1361},{"title":1365,"path":1366,"stem":1367},"INT50-CPP. Do not cast to an out-of-range enumeration value","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fintegers-int\u002Fint50-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F09.integers-int\u002F2.int50-cpp",{"title":1369,"path":1370,"stem":1371,"children":1372},"Memory Management (MEM)","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmemory-management-mem","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F10.memory-management-mem\u002F1.index",[1373,1374,1378,1382,1386,1390,1394,1398,1402],{"title":1369,"path":1370,"stem":1371},{"title":1375,"path":1376,"stem":1377},"MEM50-CPP. Do not access freed memory","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmemory-management-mem\u002Fmem50-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F10.memory-management-mem\u002F2.mem50-cpp",{"title":1379,"path":1380,"stem":1381},"MEM51-CPP. Properly deallocate dynamically allocated resources","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmemory-management-mem\u002Fmem51-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F10.memory-management-mem\u002F3.mem51-cpp",{"title":1383,"path":1384,"stem":1385},"MEM52-CPP. Detect and handle memory allocation errors","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmemory-management-mem\u002Fmem52-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F10.memory-management-mem\u002F4.mem52-cpp",{"title":1387,"path":1388,"stem":1389},"MEM53-CPP. Explicitly construct and destruct objects when manually managing object lifetime","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmemory-management-mem\u002Fmem53-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F10.memory-management-mem\u002F5.mem53-cpp",{"title":1391,"path":1392,"stem":1393},"MEM54-CPP. Provide placement new with properly aligned pointers to sufficient storage capacity","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmemory-management-mem\u002Fmem54-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F10.memory-management-mem\u002F6.mem54-cpp",{"title":1395,"path":1396,"stem":1397},"MEM55-CPP. Honor replacement dynamic storage management requirements","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmemory-management-mem\u002Fmem55-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F10.memory-management-mem\u002F7.mem55-cpp",{"title":1399,"path":1400,"stem":1401},"MEM56-CPP. Do not store an already-owned pointer value in an unrelated smart pointer","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmemory-management-mem\u002Fmem56-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F10.memory-management-mem\u002F8.mem56-cpp",{"title":1403,"path":1404,"stem":1405},"MEM57-CPP. Avoid using default operator new for over-aligned types","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmemory-management-mem\u002Fmem57-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F10.memory-management-mem\u002F9.mem57-cpp",{"title":1407,"path":1408,"stem":1409,"children":1410},"Miscellaneous (MSC)","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmiscellaneous-msc","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F11.miscellaneous-msc\u002F1.index",[1411,1412,1416,1420,1424,1428],{"title":1407,"path":1408,"stem":1409},{"title":1413,"path":1414,"stem":1415},"MSC51-CPP. Ensure your random number generator is properly seeded","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmiscellaneous-msc\u002Fmsc51-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F11.miscellaneous-msc\u002F2.msc51-cpp",{"title":1417,"path":1418,"stem":1419},"MSC52-CPP. Value-returning functions must return a value from all exit paths","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmiscellaneous-msc\u002Fmsc52-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F11.miscellaneous-msc\u002F3.msc52-cpp",{"title":1421,"path":1422,"stem":1423},"MSC53-CPP. Do not return from a function declared [[noreturn]]","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmiscellaneous-msc\u002Fmsc53-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F11.miscellaneous-msc\u002F4.msc53-cpp",{"title":1425,"path":1426,"stem":1427},"MSC54-CPP. A signal handler must be a plain old function","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmiscellaneous-msc\u002Fmsc54-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F11.miscellaneous-msc\u002F5.msc54-cpp",{"title":1429,"path":1430,"stem":1431},"rand() for generating pseudorandom numbers","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmiscellaneous-msc\u002Frand-for-generating-pseudorandom-numbers","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F11.miscellaneous-msc\u002F6.rand-for-generating-pseudorandom-numbers",{"title":1433,"path":1434,"stem":1435,"children":1436},"Object Oriented Programming (OOP)","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fobject-oriented-programming-oop","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F12.object-oriented-programming-oop\u002F01.index",[1437,1438,1442,1446,1450,1454,1458,1462,1466,1470],{"title":1433,"path":1434,"stem":1435},{"title":1439,"path":1440,"stem":1441},"OOP50-CPP. Do not invoke virtual functions from constructors or destructors","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fobject-oriented-programming-oop\u002Foop50-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F12.object-oriented-programming-oop\u002F02.oop50-cpp",{"title":1443,"path":1444,"stem":1445},"OOP51-CPP. Do not slice derived objects","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fobject-oriented-programming-oop\u002Foop51-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F12.object-oriented-programming-oop\u002F03.oop51-cpp",{"title":1447,"path":1448,"stem":1449},"OOP52-CPP. Do not delete a polymorphic object without a virtual destructor","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fobject-oriented-programming-oop\u002Foop52-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F12.object-oriented-programming-oop\u002F04.oop52-cpp",{"title":1451,"path":1452,"stem":1453},"OOP53-CPP. Write constructor member initializers in the canonical order","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fobject-oriented-programming-oop\u002Foop53-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F12.object-oriented-programming-oop\u002F05.oop53-cpp",{"title":1455,"path":1456,"stem":1457},"OOP54-CPP. Gracefully handle self-copy assignment","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fobject-oriented-programming-oop\u002Foop54-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F12.object-oriented-programming-oop\u002F06.oop54-cpp",{"title":1459,"path":1460,"stem":1461},"OOP55-CPP. Do not use pointer-to-member operators to access nonexistent members","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fobject-oriented-programming-oop\u002Foop55-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F12.object-oriented-programming-oop\u002F07.oop55-cpp",{"title":1463,"path":1464,"stem":1465},"OOP56-CPP. Honor replacement handler requirements","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fobject-oriented-programming-oop\u002Foop56-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F12.object-oriented-programming-oop\u002F08.oop56-cpp",{"title":1467,"path":1468,"stem":1469},"OOP57-CPP. Prefer special member functions and overloaded operators to C Standard Library functions","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fobject-oriented-programming-oop\u002Foop57-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F12.object-oriented-programming-oop\u002F09.oop57-cpp",{"title":1471,"path":1472,"stem":1473},"OOP58-CPP. Copy operations must not mutate the source object","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fobject-oriented-programming-oop\u002Foop58-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F12.object-oriented-programming-oop\u002F10.oop58-cpp",{"title":1475,"path":1476,"stem":1477,"children":1478},"Back Matter","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F4.back-matter\u002F1.index",[1479,1480,1484,1488,1673,1687],{"title":1475,"path":1476,"stem":1477},{"title":1481,"path":1482,"stem":1483},"AA. Bibliography","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Faa-bibliography","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F4.back-matter\u002F2.aa-bibliography",{"title":1485,"path":1486,"stem":1487},"BB. Definitions","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Fbb-definitions","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F4.back-matter\u002F3.bb-definitions",{"title":1489,"path":1490,"stem":1491,"children":1492},"CC. 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