[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":2316},["ShallowReactive",2],{"global-navigation":3,"page-\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr50-cpp":28,"surround-\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr50-cpp":1628,"sidebar-sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard":1635},[4,8],{"title":5,"path":6,"_path":6,"fromAppConfig":7},"Home","\u002F",true,{"title":9,"path":10,"children":11,"_path":27,"fromAppConfig":7},"Coding Standards","\u002Fcoding-standards\u002F",[12,15,18,21,24],{"title":13,"path":14},"Android Coding Standard","\u002Fandroid-secure-coding-standard\u002F",{"title":16,"path":17},"C Coding Standard","\u002Fsei-cert-c-coding-standard\u002F",{"title":19,"path":20},"C++ Coding Standard","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F",{"title":22,"path":23},"Java Coding Standard","\u002Fsei-cert-oracle-coding-standard-for-java\u002F",{"title":25,"path":26},"Perl Coding Standard","\u002Fsei-cert-perl-coding-standard\u002F","\u002Fcoding-standards",{"id":29,"title":30,"body":31,"description":1612,"extension":1613,"meta":1614,"navigation":7,"path":1624,"seo":1625,"stem":1626,"__hash__":1627},"content\u002F5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F02.err50-cpp.md","ERR50-CPP. Do not abruptly terminate the program",{"type":32,"value":33,"toc":1603},"minimark",[34,38,70,83,98,284,293,311,344,350,355,361,364,382,545,550,559,696,700,714,908,919,923,932,998,1002,1437,1441,1455,1459,1502,1506,1577,1580,1599],[35,36,30],"h1",{"id":37},"err50-cpp-do-not-abruptly-terminate-the-program",[39,40,41,42,46,47,50,51,54,55,58,59,64,65,69],"p",{},"The ",[43,44,45],"code",{},"std::abort()"," , ",[43,48,49],{},"std::quick_exit()"," , and ",[43,52,53],{},"std::_Exit()"," functions are used to terminate the program in an immediate fashion. They do so without calling exit handlers registered with ",[43,56,57],{},"std::atexit()"," and without executing destructors for objects with automatic, thread, or static storage duration. How a system manages open streams when a program ends is ",[60,61,63],"a",{"href":62},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Fbb-definitions#BB.Definitions-implementation-definedbehavior","implementation-defined"," [ ",[60,66,68],{"href":67},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Faa-bibliography#AA.Bibliography-ISO-IEC9899-1999","ISO\u002FIEC 9899:1999"," ]. Open streams with unwritten buffered data may or may not be flushed, open streams may or may not be closed, and temporary files may or may not be removed. Because these functions can leave external resources, such as files and network communications, in an indeterminate state, they should be called explicitly only in direct response to a critical error in the application. (See ERR50-CPP-EX1 for more information.)",[39,71,41,72,75,76,79,80,82],{},[43,73,74],{},"std::terminate()"," function calls the current ",[43,77,78],{},"terminate_handler"," function, which defaults to calling ",[43,81,45],{}," .",[39,84,85,86,88,89,64,93,97],{},"The C++ Standard defines several ways in which ",[43,87,74],{}," may be called implicitly by an ",[60,90,92],{"href":91},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Fbb-definitions#BB.Definitions-implementation","implementation",[60,94,96],{"href":95},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Faa-bibliography#AA.Bibliography-ISO\u002FIEC14882-2014","ISO\u002FIEC 14882-2014"," ]:",[99,100,101,116,124,135,150,161,172,181,191,202,218,225,234,241,247,269],"ol",{},[102,103,104,105],"li",{},"When the exception handling mechanism, after completing the initialization of the exception object but before activation of a handler for the exception, calls a function that exits via an exception ([except.throw], paragraph 7)\n",[106,107,108],"ul",{},[102,109,110,111,115],{},"See ",[60,112,114],{"href":113},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr60-cpp","ERR60-CPP. Exception objects must be nothrow copy constructible"," for more information.",[102,117,118,119,123],{},"When a ",[120,121,122],"em",{},"throw-expression"," with no operand attempts to rethrow an exception and no exception is being handled ([except.throw], paragraph 9)",[102,125,126,127],{},"When the exception handling mechanism cannot find a handler for a thrown exception ([except.handle], paragraph 9)\n",[106,128,129],{},[102,130,110,131,115],{},[60,132,134],{"href":133},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr51-cpp","ERR51-CPP. Handle all exceptions",[102,136,137,138,141,142],{},"When the search for a handler encounters the outermost block of a function with a ",[120,139,140],{},"noexcept-specification"," that does not allow the exception ([except.spec], paragraph 9)\n",[106,143,144],{},[102,145,110,146,115],{},[60,147,149],{"href":148},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr55-cpp","ERR55-CPP. Honor exception specifications",[102,151,152,153],{},"When the destruction of an object during stack unwinding terminates by throwing an exception ([except.ctor], paragraph 3)\n",[106,154,155],{},[102,156,110,157,115],{},[60,158,160],{"href":159},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fdeclarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002Fdcl57-cpp","DCL57-CPP. Do not let exceptions escape from destructors or deallocation functions",[102,162,163,164],{},"When initialization of a nonlocal variable with static or thread storage duration exits via an exception ([basic.start.init], paragraph 6)\n",[106,165,166],{},[102,167,110,168,115],{},[60,169,171],{"href":170},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr58-cpp","ERR58-CPP. Handle all exceptions thrown before main() begins executing",[102,173,174,175],{},"When destruction of an object with static or thread storage duration exits via an exception ([basic.start.term], paragraph 1)\n",[106,176,177],{},[102,178,110,179,115],{},[60,180,160],{"href":159},[102,182,183,184,186,187,190],{},"When execution of a function registered with ",[43,185,57],{}," or ",[43,188,189],{},"std::at_quick_exit()"," exits via an exception ([support.start.term], paragraphs 8 and 12)",[102,192,193,194,197,198,201],{},"When the implementation’s default unexpected exception handler is called ([except.unexpected], paragraph 2)",[195,196],"br",{},"\nNote that ",[43,199,200],{},"std::unexpected()"," is currently deprecated.",[102,203,204,205,207,208,50,211,214,215,217],{},"When ",[43,206,200],{}," throws an exception that is not allowed by the previously violated ",[120,209,210],{},"dynamic-exception-specification",[43,212,213],{},"std::bad_exception()"," is not included in that ",[120,216,210],{}," ([except.unexpected], paragraph 3)",[102,219,220,221,224],{},"When the function ",[43,222,223],{},"std::nested_exception::rethrow_nested()"," is called for an object that has captured no exception ([except.nested], paragraph 4)",[102,226,227,228],{},"When execution of the initial function of a thread exits via an exception ([thread.thread.constr], paragraph 5)\n",[106,229,230],{},[102,231,110,232,115],{},[60,233,134],{"href":133},[102,235,236,237,240],{},"When the destructor is invoked on an object of type ",[43,238,239],{},"std::thread"," that refers to a joinable thread ([thread.thread.destr], paragraph 1)",[102,242,243,244,246],{},"When the copy assignment operator is invoked on an object of type ",[43,245,239],{}," that refers to a joinable thread ([thread.thread.assign], paragraph 1)",[102,248,249,250,46,253,256,257,260,261,264,265,268],{},"When calling ",[43,251,252],{},"condition_variable::wait()",[43,254,255],{},"condition_variable::wait_until()"," , or ",[43,258,259],{},"condition_variable::wait_for()"," results in a failure to meet the postcondition: ",[43,262,263],{},"   lock.owns_lock() == true  ","or",[43,266,267],{},"   lock.mutex()  "," is not locked by the calling thread ([thread.condition.condvar], paragraphs 11, 16, 21, 28, 33, and 40)",[102,270,249,271,46,274,256,277,260,280,283],{},[43,272,273],{},"condition_variable_any::wait()",[43,275,276],{},"condition_variable_any::wait_until()",[43,278,279],{},"condition_variable_any::wait_for()",[43,281,282],{},"lock"," is not locked by the calling thread ([thread.condition.condvarany], paragraphs 11, 16, and 22)",[39,285,286,287,289,290,292],{},"In many circumstances, the call stack will not be unwound in response to an implicit call to ",[43,288,74],{}," , and in a few cases, it is implementation-defined whether or not stack unwinding will occur. The C++ Standard, [except.terminate], paragraph 2 [ ",[60,291,96],{"href":95}," ], in part, states the following:",[294,295,296],"blockquote",{},[39,297,298,299,301,302,304,305,307,308,310],{},"In the situation where no matching handler is found, it is implementation-defined whether or not the stack is unwound before ",[43,300,74],{}," is called. In the situation where the search for a handler encounters the outermost block of a function with a ",[120,303,140],{}," that does not allow the exception, it is implementation-defined whether the stack is unwound, unwound partially, or not unwound at all before ",[43,306,74],{}," is called. In all other situations, the stack shall not be unwound before ",[43,309,74],{}," is called.",[39,312,313,314,46,316,256,318,320,321,323,324,326,327,186,329,331,332,334,335,339,340,82],{},"Do not explicitly or implicitly call ",[43,315,49],{},[43,317,45],{},[43,319,53],{}," . When the default ",[43,322,78],{}," is installed or the current ",[43,325,78],{}," responds by calling ",[43,328,45],{},[43,330,53],{}," , do not explicitly or implicitly call ",[43,333,74],{}," . ",[60,336,338],{"href":337},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Fbb-definitions#BB.Definitions-abnormaltermination","Abnormal process termination"," is the typical vector for ",[60,341,343],{"href":342},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Fbb-definitions#BB.Definitions-denial-of-service","denial-of-service attacks",[39,345,41,346,349],{},[43,347,348],{},"std::exit()"," function is more complex. The C++ Standard, [basic.start.main], paragraph 4, states:",[294,351,352],{},[39,353,354],{},"Terminating the program without leaving the current block (e.g., by calling the function std::exit(int) (17.5)) does not destroy any objects with automatic storage duration (11.4.6). If std::exit is called to end a program during the destruction of an object with static or thread storage duration, the program has undefined behavior.",[39,356,357,358,360],{},"You may call ",[43,359,348],{}," only in a program that has not yet initialized any objects with automatic storage duration.",[39,362,363],{},"Noncompliant Code Example",[39,365,366,367,370,371,374,375,377,378,381],{},"In this noncompliant code example, the call to ",[43,368,369],{},"f()"," , which was registered as an exit handler with ",[43,372,373],{},"std::at_exit()"," , may result in a call to ",[43,376,74],{}," because ",[43,379,380],{},"throwing_func()"," may throw an exception.",[383,384,386],"code-block",{"quality":385},"bad",[387,388,393],"pre",{"className":389,"code":390,"language":391,"meta":392,"style":392},"language-cpp shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark monokai","#include \u003Ccstdlib>\n \nvoid throwing_func() noexcept(false);\n \nvoid f() { \u002F\u002F Not invoked by the program except as an exit handler.\n  throwing_func();\n}\n \nint main() {\n  if (0 != std::atexit(f)) {\n    \u002F\u002F Handle error\n  }\n  \u002F\u002F ...\n}\n","cpp","",[43,394,395,408,415,442,447,462,471,477,482,494,522,528,534,540],{"__ignoreMap":392},[396,397,400,404],"span",{"class":398,"line":399},"line",1,[396,401,403],{"class":402},"sC2Qs","#include",[396,405,407],{"class":406},"sstjo"," \u003Ccstdlib>\n",[396,409,411],{"class":398,"line":410},2,[396,412,414],{"class":413},"sMOD_"," \n",[396,416,418,422,426,429,432,435,439],{"class":398,"line":417},3,[396,419,421],{"class":420},"sq6CD","void",[396,423,425],{"class":424},"srTi1"," throwing_func",[396,427,428],{"class":413},"() ",[396,430,431],{"class":402},"noexcept",[396,433,434],{"class":413},"(",[396,436,438],{"class":437},"s7F3e","false",[396,440,441],{"class":413},");\n",[396,443,445],{"class":398,"line":444},4,[396,446,414],{"class":413},[396,448,450,452,455,458],{"class":398,"line":449},5,[396,451,421],{"class":420},[396,453,454],{"class":424}," f",[396,456,457],{"class":413},"() {",[396,459,461],{"class":460},"s8-w5"," \u002F\u002F Not invoked by the program except as an exit handler.\n",[396,463,465,468],{"class":398,"line":464},6,[396,466,467],{"class":424},"  throwing_func",[396,469,470],{"class":413},"();\n",[396,472,474],{"class":398,"line":473},7,[396,475,476],{"class":413},"}\n",[396,478,480],{"class":398,"line":479},8,[396,481,414],{"class":413},[396,483,485,488,491],{"class":398,"line":484},9,[396,486,487],{"class":420},"int",[396,489,490],{"class":424}," main",[396,492,493],{"class":413},"() {\n",[396,495,497,500,503,506,509,513,516,519],{"class":398,"line":496},10,[396,498,499],{"class":402},"  if",[396,501,502],{"class":413}," (",[396,504,505],{"class":437},"0",[396,507,508],{"class":402}," !=",[396,510,512],{"class":511},"sz2Vg"," std",[396,514,515],{"class":413},"::",[396,517,518],{"class":424},"atexit",[396,520,521],{"class":413},"(f)) {\n",[396,523,525],{"class":398,"line":524},11,[396,526,527],{"class":460},"    \u002F\u002F Handle error\n",[396,529,531],{"class":398,"line":530},12,[396,532,533],{"class":413},"  }\n",[396,535,537],{"class":398,"line":536},13,[396,538,539],{"class":460},"  \u002F\u002F ...\n",[396,541,543],{"class":398,"line":542},14,[396,544,476],{"class":413},[546,547,549],"h2",{"id":548},"compliant-solution","Compliant Solution",[39,551,552,553,555,556,558],{},"In this compliant solution, ",[43,554,369],{}," handles all exceptions thrown by ",[43,557,380],{}," and does not rethrow.",[383,560,562],{"quality":561},"good",[387,563,565],{"className":389,"code":564,"language":391,"meta":392,"style":392},"#include \u003Ccstdlib>\n\nvoid throwing_func() noexcept(false);\n\nvoid f() { \u002F\u002F Not invoked by the program except as an exit handler.\n  try {\n    throwing_func();\n  } catch (...) {\n    \u002F\u002F Handle error\n  }\n}\n\nint main() {\n  if (0 != std::atexit(f)) {\n    \u002F\u002F Handle error\n  }\n  \u002F\u002F 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throwing_func",[396,622,470],{"class":413},[396,624,625,628,631],{"class":398,"line":479},[396,626,627],{"class":413},"  } ",[396,629,630],{"class":402},"catch",[396,632,633],{"class":413}," (...) {\n",[396,635,636],{"class":398,"line":484},[396,637,527],{"class":460},[396,639,640],{"class":398,"line":496},[396,641,533],{"class":413},[396,643,644],{"class":398,"line":524},[396,645,476],{"class":413},[396,647,648],{"class":398,"line":530},[396,649,577],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":7},[396,651,652,654,656],{"class":398,"line":536},[396,653,487],{"class":420},[396,655,490],{"class":424},[396,657,493],{"class":413},[396,659,660,662,664,666,668,670,672,674],{"class":398,"line":542},[396,661,499],{"class":402},[396,663,502],{"class":413},[396,665,505],{"class":437},[396,667,508],{"class":402},[396,669,512],{"class":511},[396,671,515],{"class":413},[396,673,518],{"class":424},[396,675,521],{"class":413},[396,677,679],{"class":398,"line":678},15,[396,680,527],{"class":460},[396,682,684],{"class":398,"line":683},16,[396,685,533],{"class":413},[396,687,689],{"class":398,"line":688},17,[396,690,539],{"class":460},[396,692,694],{"class":398,"line":693},18,[396,695,476],{"class":413},[546,697,699],{"id":698},"exceptions","Exceptions",[39,701,702,706,707,46,709,256,711,713],{},[703,704,705],"strong",{},"ERR50-CPP-EX1:"," It is acceptable, after indicating the nature of the problem to the operator, to explicitly call ",[43,708,45],{},[43,710,53],{},[43,712,74],{}," in response to a critical program error for which no recovery is possible, as in this example.",[383,715,716],{"quality":561},[387,717,719],{"className":389,"code":718,"language":391,"meta":392,"style":392},"#include \u003Cexception>\n\nvoid report(const char *msg) noexcept;\n[[noreturn]] void fast_fail(const char *msg) {\n  \u002F\u002F Report error message to operator\n  report(msg);\n \n  \u002F\u002F Terminate\n  std::terminate();\n}\n \nvoid critical_function_that_fails() noexcept(false);\n \nvoid f() {\n  try {\n    critical_function_that_fails();\n  } catch (...) {\n    fast_fail(\"Critical function failure\");\n  }\n}\n",[43,720,721,728,732,762,794,799,807,811,816,828,832,836,853,857,865,871,878,886,898,903],{"__ignoreMap":392},[396,722,723,725],{"class":398,"line":399},[396,724,403],{"class":402},[396,726,727],{"class":406}," 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Matter","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Ffront-matter","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F2.front-matter\u002F1.index",[1646,1647],{"title":1642,"path":1643,"stem":1644},{"title":1648,"path":1649,"stem":1650,"children":1651},"Introduction","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Ffront-matter\u002Fintroduction","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F2.front-matter\u002F2.introduction\u002F01.index",[1652,1653,1657,1661,1665,1669,1673,1677,1681,1685,1689,1693,1697,1701,1705],{"title":1648,"path":1649,"stem":1650},{"title":1654,"path":1655,"stem":1656},"Scope","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Ffront-matter\u002Fintroduction\u002Fscope","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F2.front-matter\u002F2.introduction\u002F02.scope",{"title":1658,"path":1659,"stem":1660},"Audience","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Ffront-matter\u002Fintroduction\u002Faudience","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F2.front-matter\u002F2.introduction\u002F03.audience",{"title":1662,"path":1663,"stem":1664},"Usage","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Ffront-matter\u002Fintroduction\u002Fusage","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F2.front-matter\u002F2.introduction\u002F04.usage",{"title":1666,"path":1667,"stem":1668},"How this Coding Standard Is Organized","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Ffront-matter\u002Fintroduction\u002Fhow-this-coding-standard-is-organized","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F2.front-matter\u002F2.introduction\u002F05.how-this-coding-standard-is-organized",{"title":1670,"path":1671,"stem":1672},"Relation to the CERT C Coding Standard","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Ffront-matter\u002Fintroduction\u002Frelation-to-the-cert-c-coding-standard","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F2.front-matter\u002F2.introduction\u002F06.relation-to-the-cert-c-coding-standard",{"title":1674,"path":1675,"stem":1676},"Rules Versus Recommendations","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Ffront-matter\u002Fintroduction\u002Frules-versus-recommendations","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F2.front-matter\u002F2.introduction\u002F07.rules-versus-recommendations",{"title":1678,"path":1679,"stem":1680},"Tool Selection and Validation","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Ffront-matter\u002Fintroduction\u002Ftool-selection-and-validation","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F2.front-matter\u002F2.introduction\u002F08.tool-selection-and-validation",{"title":1682,"path":1683,"stem":1684},"Conformance Testing","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Ffront-matter\u002Fintroduction\u002Fconformance-testing","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F2.front-matter\u002F2.introduction\u002F09.conformance-testing",{"title":1686,"path":1687,"stem":1688},"Development Process","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Ffront-matter\u002Fintroduction\u002Fdevelopment-process","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F2.front-matter\u002F2.introduction\u002F10.development-process",{"title":1690,"path":1691,"stem":1692},"System Qualities","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Ffront-matter\u002Fintroduction\u002Fsystem-qualities","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F2.front-matter\u002F2.introduction\u002F11.system-qualities",{"title":1694,"path":1695,"stem":1696},"Automatically Generated Code","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Ffront-matter\u002Fintroduction\u002Fautomatically-generated-code","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F2.front-matter\u002F2.introduction\u002F12.automatically-generated-code",{"title":1698,"path":1699,"stem":1700},"Government Regulations","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Ffront-matter\u002Fintroduction\u002Fgovernment-regulations","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F2.front-matter\u002F2.introduction\u002F13.government-regulations",{"title":1702,"path":1703,"stem":1704},"Acknowledgments","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Ffront-matter\u002Fintroduction\u002Facknowledgments","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F2.front-matter\u002F2.introduction\u002F14.acknowledgments",{"title":1001,"path":1706,"stem":1707},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Ffront-matter\u002Fintroduction\u002Fautomated-detection","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F2.front-matter\u002F2.introduction\u002F15.automated-detection",{"title":1709,"path":1710,"stem":1711,"children":1712},"Rules","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F01.index",[1713,1714,1736,1770,1812,1860,1903,1965,1979,1989,2027,2053],{"title":1709,"path":1710,"stem":1711},{"title":1715,"path":1716,"stem":1717,"children":1718},"Characters and Strings (STR)","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fcharacters-and-strings-str","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F02.characters-and-strings-str\u002F1.index",[1719,1720,1724,1728,1732],{"title":1715,"path":1716,"stem":1717},{"title":1721,"path":1722,"stem":1723},"STR50-CPP. Guarantee that storage for strings has sufficient space for character data and the null terminator","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fcharacters-and-strings-str\u002Fstr50-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F02.characters-and-strings-str\u002F2.str50-cpp",{"title":1725,"path":1726,"stem":1727},"STR52-CPP. Use valid references, pointers, and iterators to reference elements of a basic_string","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fcharacters-and-strings-str\u002Fstr52-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F02.characters-and-strings-str\u002F3.str52-cpp",{"title":1729,"path":1730,"stem":1731},"STR53-CPP. Range check element access","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fcharacters-and-strings-str\u002Fstr53-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F02.characters-and-strings-str\u002F4.str53-cpp",{"title":1733,"path":1734,"stem":1735},"string from a null pointer","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fcharacters-and-strings-str\u002Fstring-from-a-null-pointer","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F02.characters-and-strings-str\u002F5.string-from-a-null-pointer",{"title":1737,"path":1738,"stem":1739,"children":1740},"Concurrency (CON)","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fconcurrency-con","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F03.concurrency-con\u002F1.index",[1741,1742,1746,1750,1754,1758,1762,1766],{"title":1737,"path":1738,"stem":1739},{"title":1743,"path":1744,"stem":1745},"CON50-CPP. Do not destroy a mutex while it is locked","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fconcurrency-con\u002Fcon50-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F03.concurrency-con\u002F2.con50-cpp",{"title":1747,"path":1748,"stem":1749},"CON51-CPP. Ensure actively held locks are released on exceptional conditions","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fconcurrency-con\u002Fcon51-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F03.concurrency-con\u002F3.con51-cpp",{"title":1751,"path":1752,"stem":1753},"CON52-CPP. Prevent data races when accessing bit-fields from multiple threads","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fconcurrency-con\u002Fcon52-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F03.concurrency-con\u002F4.con52-cpp",{"title":1755,"path":1756,"stem":1757},"CON53-CPP. Avoid deadlock by locking in a predefined order","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fconcurrency-con\u002Fcon53-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F03.concurrency-con\u002F5.con53-cpp",{"title":1759,"path":1760,"stem":1761},"CON54-CPP. Wrap functions that can spuriously wake up in a loop","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fconcurrency-con\u002Fcon54-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F03.concurrency-con\u002F6.con54-cpp",{"title":1763,"path":1764,"stem":1765},"CON55-CPP. Preserve thread safety and liveness when using condition variables","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fconcurrency-con\u002Fcon55-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F03.concurrency-con\u002F7.con55-cpp",{"title":1767,"path":1768,"stem":1769},"CON56-CPP. Do not speculatively lock a non-recursive mutex that is already owned by the calling thread","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fconcurrency-con\u002Fcon56-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F03.concurrency-con\u002F8.con56-cpp",{"title":1771,"path":1772,"stem":1773,"children":1774},"Containers (CTR)","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fcontainers-ctr","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F04.containers-ctr\u002F01.index",[1775,1776,1780,1784,1788,1792,1796,1800,1804,1808],{"title":1771,"path":1772,"stem":1773},{"title":1777,"path":1778,"stem":1779},"CTR50-CPP. Guarantee that container indices and iterators are within the valid range","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fcontainers-ctr\u002Fctr50-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F04.containers-ctr\u002F02.ctr50-cpp",{"title":1781,"path":1782,"stem":1783},"CTR51-CPP. Use valid references, pointers, and iterators to reference elements of a container","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fcontainers-ctr\u002Fctr51-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F04.containers-ctr\u002F03.ctr51-cpp",{"title":1785,"path":1786,"stem":1787},"CTR52-CPP. Guarantee that library functions do not overflow","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fcontainers-ctr\u002Fctr52-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F04.containers-ctr\u002F04.ctr52-cpp",{"title":1789,"path":1790,"stem":1791},"CTR53-CPP. Use valid iterator ranges","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fcontainers-ctr\u002Fctr53-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F04.containers-ctr\u002F05.ctr53-cpp",{"title":1793,"path":1794,"stem":1795},"CTR54-CPP. Do not subtract iterators that do not refer to the same container","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fcontainers-ctr\u002Fctr54-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F04.containers-ctr\u002F06.ctr54-cpp",{"title":1797,"path":1798,"stem":1799},"CTR55-CPP. Do not use an additive operator on an iterator if the result would overflow","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fcontainers-ctr\u002Fctr55-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F04.containers-ctr\u002F07.ctr55-cpp",{"title":1801,"path":1802,"stem":1803},"CTR56-CPP. Do not use pointer arithmetic on polymorphic objects","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fcontainers-ctr\u002Fctr56-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F04.containers-ctr\u002F08.ctr56-cpp",{"title":1805,"path":1806,"stem":1807},"CTR57-CPP. Provide a valid ordering predicate","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fcontainers-ctr\u002Fctr57-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F04.containers-ctr\u002F09.ctr57-cpp",{"title":1809,"path":1810,"stem":1811},"CTR58-CPP. Predicate function objects should not be mutable","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fcontainers-ctr\u002Fctr58-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F04.containers-ctr\u002F10.ctr58-cpp",{"title":1813,"path":1814,"stem":1815,"children":1816},"Declarations and Initialization (DCL)","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fdeclarations-and-initialization-dcl","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F05.declarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002F01.index",[1817,1818,1822,1826,1830,1834,1838,1842,1846,1848,1852,1856],{"title":1813,"path":1814,"stem":1815},{"title":1819,"path":1820,"stem":1821},"DCL50-CPP. Do not define a C-style variadic function","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fdeclarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002Fdcl50-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F05.declarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002F02.dcl50-cpp",{"title":1823,"path":1824,"stem":1825},"DCL51-CPP. Do not declare or define a reserved identifier","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fdeclarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002Fdcl51-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F05.declarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002F03.dcl51-cpp",{"title":1827,"path":1828,"stem":1829},"DCL52-CPP. Never qualify a reference type with const or volatile","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fdeclarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002Fdcl52-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F05.declarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002F04.dcl52-cpp",{"title":1831,"path":1832,"stem":1833},"DCL53-CPP. Do not write syntactically ambiguous declarations","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fdeclarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002Fdcl53-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F05.declarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002F05.dcl53-cpp",{"title":1835,"path":1836,"stem":1837},"DCL54-CPP. Overload allocation and deallocation functions as a pair in the same scope","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fdeclarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002Fdcl54-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F05.declarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002F06.dcl54-cpp",{"title":1839,"path":1840,"stem":1841},"DCL55-CPP. Avoid information leakage when passing a class object across a trust boundary","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fdeclarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002Fdcl55-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F05.declarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002F07.dcl55-cpp",{"title":1843,"path":1844,"stem":1845},"DCL56-CPP. Avoid cycles during initialization of static objects","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fdeclarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002Fdcl56-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F05.declarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002F08.dcl56-cpp",{"title":160,"path":159,"stem":1847},"5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F05.declarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002F09.dcl57-cpp",{"title":1849,"path":1850,"stem":1851},"DCL58-CPP. Do not modify the standard namespaces","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fdeclarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002Fdcl58-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F05.declarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002F10.dcl58-cpp",{"title":1853,"path":1854,"stem":1855},"DCL59-CPP. Do not define an unnamed namespace in a header file","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fdeclarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002Fdcl59-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F05.declarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002F11.dcl59-cpp",{"title":1857,"path":1858,"stem":1859},"DCL60-CPP. Obey the one-definition rule","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fdeclarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002Fdcl60-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F05.declarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002F12.dcl60-cpp",{"title":1630,"path":1631,"stem":1632,"children":1861},[1862,1863,1864,1865,1869,1873,1877,1879,1883,1887,1889,1893,1895,1899],{"title":1630,"path":1631,"stem":1632},{"title":30,"path":1624,"stem":1626},{"title":134,"path":133,"stem":1634},{"title":1866,"path":1867,"stem":1868},"ERR52-CPP. Do not use setjmp() or longjmp()","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr52-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F04.err52-cpp",{"title":1870,"path":1871,"stem":1872},"ERR53-CPP. Do not reference base classes or class data members in a constructor or destructor function-try-block handler","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr53-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F05.err53-cpp",{"title":1874,"path":1875,"stem":1876},"ERR54-CPP. Catch handlers should order their parameter types from most derived to least derived","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr54-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F06.err54-cpp",{"title":149,"path":148,"stem":1878},"5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F07.err55-cpp",{"title":1880,"path":1881,"stem":1882},"ERR56-CPP. Guarantee exception safety","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr56-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F08.err56-cpp",{"title":1884,"path":1885,"stem":1886},"ERR57-CPP. Do not leak resources when handling exceptions","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr57-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F09.err57-cpp",{"title":171,"path":170,"stem":1888},"5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F10.err58-cpp",{"title":1890,"path":1891,"stem":1892},"ERR59-CPP. Do not throw an exception across execution boundaries","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr59-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F11.err59-cpp",{"title":114,"path":113,"stem":1894},"5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F12.err60-cpp",{"title":1896,"path":1897,"stem":1898},"ERR61-CPP. Catch exceptions by lvalue reference","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr61-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F13.err61-cpp",{"title":1900,"path":1901,"stem":1902},"ERR62-CPP. Detect errors when converting a string to a number","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr62-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F14.err62-cpp",{"title":1904,"path":1905,"stem":1906,"children":1907},"Expressions (EXP)","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F01.index",[1908,1909,1913,1917,1921,1925,1929,1933,1937,1941,1945,1949,1953,1957,1961],{"title":1904,"path":1905,"stem":1906},{"title":1910,"path":1911,"stem":1912},"EXP50-CPP. Do not depend on the order of evaluation for side effects","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp50-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F02.exp50-cpp",{"title":1914,"path":1915,"stem":1916},"EXP51-CPP. Do not delete an array through a pointer of the incorrect type","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp51-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F03.exp51-cpp",{"title":1918,"path":1919,"stem":1920},"EXP52-CPP. Do not rely on side effects in unevaluated operands","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp52-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F04.exp52-cpp",{"title":1922,"path":1923,"stem":1924},"EXP53-CPP. Do not read uninitialized memory","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp53-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F05.exp53-cpp",{"title":1926,"path":1927,"stem":1928},"EXP54-CPP. Do not access an object outside of its lifetime","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp54-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F06.exp54-cpp",{"title":1930,"path":1931,"stem":1932},"EXP55-CPP. Do not access a cv-qualified object through a cv-unqualified type","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp55-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F07.exp55-cpp",{"title":1934,"path":1935,"stem":1936},"EXP56-CPP. Do not call a function with a mismatched language linkage","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp56-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F08.exp56-cpp",{"title":1938,"path":1939,"stem":1940},"EXP57-CPP. Do not cast or delete pointers to incomplete classes","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp57-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F09.exp57-cpp",{"title":1942,"path":1943,"stem":1944},"EXP58-CPP. Pass an object of the correct type to va_start","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp58-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F10.exp58-cpp",{"title":1946,"path":1947,"stem":1948},"EXP59-CPP. Use offsetof() on valid types and members","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp59-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F11.exp59-cpp",{"title":1950,"path":1951,"stem":1952},"EXP60-CPP. Do not pass a nonstandard-layout type object across execution boundaries","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp60-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F12.exp60-cpp",{"title":1954,"path":1955,"stem":1956},"EXP61-CPP. A lambda object must not outlive any of its reference captured objects","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp61-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F13.exp61-cpp",{"title":1958,"path":1959,"stem":1960},"EXP62-CPP. Do not access the bits of an object representation that are not part of the object's value representation","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp62-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F14.exp62-cpp",{"title":1962,"path":1963,"stem":1964},"EXP63-CPP. Do not rely on the value of a moved-from object","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp63-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F15.exp63-cpp",{"title":1966,"path":1967,"stem":1968,"children":1969},"Input Output (FIO)","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Finput-output-fio","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F08.input-output-fio\u002F1.index",[1970,1971,1975],{"title":1966,"path":1967,"stem":1968},{"title":1972,"path":1973,"stem":1974},"FIO50-CPP. Do not alternately input and output from a file stream without an intervening positioning call","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Finput-output-fio\u002Ffio50-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F08.input-output-fio\u002F2.fio50-cpp",{"title":1976,"path":1977,"stem":1978},"FIO51-CPP. Close files when they are no longer needed","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Finput-output-fio\u002Ffio51-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F08.input-output-fio\u002F3.fio51-cpp",{"title":1980,"path":1981,"stem":1982,"children":1983},"Integers (INT)","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fintegers-int","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F09.integers-int\u002F1.index",[1984,1985],{"title":1980,"path":1981,"stem":1982},{"title":1986,"path":1987,"stem":1988},"INT50-CPP. Do not cast to an out-of-range enumeration value","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fintegers-int\u002Fint50-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F09.integers-int\u002F2.int50-cpp",{"title":1990,"path":1991,"stem":1992,"children":1993},"Memory Management (MEM)","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmemory-management-mem","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F10.memory-management-mem\u002F1.index",[1994,1995,1999,2003,2007,2011,2015,2019,2023],{"title":1990,"path":1991,"stem":1992},{"title":1996,"path":1997,"stem":1998},"MEM50-CPP. Do not access freed memory","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmemory-management-mem\u002Fmem50-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F10.memory-management-mem\u002F2.mem50-cpp",{"title":2000,"path":2001,"stem":2002},"MEM51-CPP. Properly deallocate dynamically allocated resources","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmemory-management-mem\u002Fmem51-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F10.memory-management-mem\u002F3.mem51-cpp",{"title":2004,"path":2005,"stem":2006},"MEM52-CPP. Detect and handle memory allocation errors","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmemory-management-mem\u002Fmem52-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F10.memory-management-mem\u002F4.mem52-cpp",{"title":2008,"path":2009,"stem":2010},"MEM53-CPP. Explicitly construct and destruct objects when manually managing object lifetime","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmemory-management-mem\u002Fmem53-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F10.memory-management-mem\u002F5.mem53-cpp",{"title":2012,"path":2013,"stem":2014},"MEM54-CPP. Provide placement new with properly aligned pointers to sufficient storage capacity","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmemory-management-mem\u002Fmem54-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F10.memory-management-mem\u002F6.mem54-cpp",{"title":2016,"path":2017,"stem":2018},"MEM55-CPP. Honor replacement dynamic storage management requirements","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmemory-management-mem\u002Fmem55-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F10.memory-management-mem\u002F7.mem55-cpp",{"title":2020,"path":2021,"stem":2022},"MEM56-CPP. Do not store an already-owned pointer value in an unrelated smart pointer","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmemory-management-mem\u002Fmem56-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F10.memory-management-mem\u002F8.mem56-cpp",{"title":2024,"path":2025,"stem":2026},"MEM57-CPP. Avoid using default operator new for over-aligned types","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmemory-management-mem\u002Fmem57-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F10.memory-management-mem\u002F9.mem57-cpp",{"title":2028,"path":2029,"stem":2030,"children":2031},"Miscellaneous (MSC)","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmiscellaneous-msc","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F11.miscellaneous-msc\u002F1.index",[2032,2033,2037,2041,2045,2049],{"title":2028,"path":2029,"stem":2030},{"title":2034,"path":2035,"stem":2036},"MSC51-CPP. Ensure your random number generator is properly seeded","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmiscellaneous-msc\u002Fmsc51-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F11.miscellaneous-msc\u002F2.msc51-cpp",{"title":2038,"path":2039,"stem":2040},"MSC52-CPP. Value-returning functions must return a value from all exit paths","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmiscellaneous-msc\u002Fmsc52-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F11.miscellaneous-msc\u002F3.msc52-cpp",{"title":2042,"path":2043,"stem":2044},"MSC53-CPP. Do not return from a function declared [[noreturn]]","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmiscellaneous-msc\u002Fmsc53-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F11.miscellaneous-msc\u002F4.msc53-cpp",{"title":2046,"path":2047,"stem":2048},"MSC54-CPP. A signal handler must be a plain old function","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmiscellaneous-msc\u002Fmsc54-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F11.miscellaneous-msc\u002F5.msc54-cpp",{"title":2050,"path":2051,"stem":2052},"rand() for generating pseudorandom numbers","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmiscellaneous-msc\u002Frand-for-generating-pseudorandom-numbers","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F11.miscellaneous-msc\u002F6.rand-for-generating-pseudorandom-numbers",{"title":2054,"path":2055,"stem":2056,"children":2057},"Object Oriented Programming (OOP)","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fobject-oriented-programming-oop","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F12.object-oriented-programming-oop\u002F01.index",[2058,2059,2063,2067,2071,2075,2079,2083,2087,2091],{"title":2054,"path":2055,"stem":2056},{"title":2060,"path":2061,"stem":2062},"OOP50-CPP. Do not invoke virtual functions from constructors or destructors","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fobject-oriented-programming-oop\u002Foop50-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F12.object-oriented-programming-oop\u002F02.oop50-cpp",{"title":2064,"path":2065,"stem":2066},"OOP51-CPP. Do not slice derived objects","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fobject-oriented-programming-oop\u002Foop51-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F12.object-oriented-programming-oop\u002F03.oop51-cpp",{"title":2068,"path":2069,"stem":2070},"OOP52-CPP. Do not delete a polymorphic object without a virtual destructor","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fobject-oriented-programming-oop\u002Foop52-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F12.object-oriented-programming-oop\u002F04.oop52-cpp",{"title":2072,"path":2073,"stem":2074},"OOP53-CPP. Write constructor member initializers in the canonical order","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fobject-oriented-programming-oop\u002Foop53-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F12.object-oriented-programming-oop\u002F05.oop53-cpp",{"title":2076,"path":2077,"stem":2078},"OOP54-CPP. Gracefully handle self-copy assignment","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fobject-oriented-programming-oop\u002Foop54-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F12.object-oriented-programming-oop\u002F06.oop54-cpp",{"title":2080,"path":2081,"stem":2082},"OOP55-CPP. Do not use pointer-to-member operators to access nonexistent members","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fobject-oriented-programming-oop\u002Foop55-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F12.object-oriented-programming-oop\u002F07.oop55-cpp",{"title":2084,"path":2085,"stem":2086},"OOP56-CPP. Honor replacement handler requirements","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fobject-oriented-programming-oop\u002Foop56-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F12.object-oriented-programming-oop\u002F08.oop56-cpp",{"title":2088,"path":2089,"stem":2090},"OOP57-CPP. Prefer special member functions and overloaded operators to C Standard Library functions","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fobject-oriented-programming-oop\u002Foop57-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F12.object-oriented-programming-oop\u002F09.oop57-cpp",{"title":2092,"path":2093,"stem":2094},"OOP58-CPP. Copy operations must not mutate the source object","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fobject-oriented-programming-oop\u002Foop58-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F12.object-oriented-programming-oop\u002F10.oop58-cpp",{"title":2096,"path":2097,"stem":2098,"children":2099},"Back Matter","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F4.back-matter\u002F1.index",[2100,2101,2105,2109,2285,2298],{"title":2096,"path":2097,"stem":2098},{"title":2102,"path":2103,"stem":2104},"AA. Bibliography","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Faa-bibliography","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F4.back-matter\u002F2.aa-bibliography",{"title":2106,"path":2107,"stem":2108},"BB. Definitions","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Fbb-definitions","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F4.back-matter\u002F3.bb-definitions",{"title":2110,"path":2111,"stem":2112,"children":2113},"CC. 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