[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":2366},["ShallowReactive",2],{"global-navigation":3,"page-\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmemory-management-mem\u002Fmem56-cpp":28,"surround-\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmemory-management-mem\u002Fmem56-cpp":1670,"sidebar-sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard":1677},[4,8],{"title":5,"path":6,"_path":6,"fromAppConfig":7},"Home","\u002F",true,{"title":9,"path":10,"children":11,"_path":27,"fromAppConfig":7},"Coding Standards","\u002Fcoding-standards\u002F",[12,15,18,21,24],{"title":13,"path":14},"Android Coding Standard","\u002Fandroid-secure-coding-standard\u002F",{"title":16,"path":17},"C Coding Standard","\u002Fsei-cert-c-coding-standard\u002F",{"title":19,"path":20},"C++ Coding Standard","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F",{"title":22,"path":23},"Java Coding Standard","\u002Fsei-cert-oracle-coding-standard-for-java\u002F",{"title":25,"path":26},"Perl Coding Standard","\u002Fsei-cert-perl-coding-standard\u002F","\u002Fcoding-standards",{"id":29,"title":30,"body":31,"description":1649,"extension":1650,"meta":1651,"navigation":7,"path":1666,"seo":1667,"stem":1668,"__hash__":1669},"content\u002F5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F10.memory-management-mem\u002F8.mem56-cpp.md","MEM56-CPP. Do not store an already-owned pointer value in an unrelated smart pointer",{"type":32,"value":33,"toc":1636},"minimark",[34,38,64,89,111,118,123,139,259,263,279,359,362,409,612,615,642,797,800,837,983,986,1021,1153,1157,1166,1232,1236,1500,1504,1517,1521,1578,1582,1607,1610,1632],[35,36,30],"h1",{"id":37},"mem56-cpp-do-not-store-an-already-owned-pointer-value-in-an-unrelated-smart-pointer",[39,40,41,42,46,47,50,51,54,55,58,59,63],"p",{},"Smart pointers such as ",[43,44,45],"code",{},"std::unique_ptr"," and ",[43,48,49],{},"std::shared_ptr"," encode pointer ownership semantics as part of the type system. They wrap a pointer value, provide pointer-like semantics through ",[43,52,53],{},"  operator *() ","and",[43,56,57],{},"  operator->() "," member functions, and control the lifetime of the pointer they manage. When a smart pointer is constructed from a pointer value, that value is said to be ",[60,61,62],"em",{},"owned"," by the smart pointer.",[39,65,66,67,70,71,74,75,77,78,81,82,85,86,88],{},"Calling ",[43,68,69],{},"std::unique_ptr::release()"," will relinquish ownership of the managed pointer value. Destruction of, move assignment of, or calling ",[43,72,73],{},"std::unique_ptr::reset()"," on a ",[43,76,45],{}," object will also relinquish ownership of the managed pointer value, but results in destruction of the managed pointer value. If a call to ",[43,79,80],{},"std::shared_ptr::unique()"," returns true, then destruction of or calling ",[43,83,84],{},"std::shared_ptr::reset()"," on that ",[43,87,49],{}," object will relinquish ownership of the managed pointer value but results in destruction of the managed pointer value.",[39,90,91,92,94,95,98,99,101,102,104,105,107,108,110],{},"Some smart pointers, such as ",[43,93,49],{}," , allow multiple smart pointer objects to manage the same underlying pointer value. In such cases, the initial smart pointer object owns the pointer value, and subsequent smart pointer objects are related to the original smart pointer. Two smart pointers are ",[60,96,97],{},"related"," when the initial smart pointer is used in the initialization of the subsequent smart pointer objects. For instance, copying a ",[43,100,49],{}," object to another ",[43,103,49],{}," object via copy assignment creates a relationship between the two smart pointers, whereas creating a ",[43,106,49],{}," object from the managed pointer value of another ",[43,109,49],{}," object does not.",[39,112,113,114,117],{},"Do not create an unrelated smart pointer object with a pointer value that is owned by another smart pointer object. This includes resetting a smart pointer's managed pointer to an already-owned pointer value, such as by calling ",[43,115,116],{},"reset()"," .",[119,120,122],"h2",{"id":121},"noncompliant-code-example","Noncompliant Code Example",[39,124,125,126,129,130,133,134,117],{},"In this noncompliant code example, two unrelated smart pointers are constructed from the same underlying pointer value. When the local, automatic variable ",[43,127,128],{},"p2"," is destroyed, it deletes the pointer value it manages. Then, when the local, automatic variable ",[43,131,132],{},"p1"," is destroyed, it deletes the same pointer value, resulting in a double-free ",[135,136,138],"a",{"href":137},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Fbb-definitions#BB.Definitions-vulnerability","vulnerability",[140,141,143],"code-block",{"quality":142},"bad",[144,145,150],"pre",{"className":146,"code":147,"language":148,"meta":149,"style":149},"language-cpp shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark monokai","#include \u003Cmemory>\n\nvoid f() {\n  int *i = new int;\n  std::shared_ptr\u003Cint> p1(i);\n  std::shared_ptr\u003Cint> p2(i);\n}\n","cpp","",[43,151,152,165,171,186,210,235,253],{"__ignoreMap":149},[153,154,157,161],"span",{"class":155,"line":156},"line",1,[153,158,160],{"class":159},"sC2Qs","#include",[153,162,164],{"class":163},"sstjo"," \u003Cmemory>\n",[153,166,168],{"class":155,"line":167},2,[153,169,170],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":7},"\n",[153,172,174,178,182],{"class":155,"line":173},3,[153,175,177],{"class":176},"sq6CD","void",[153,179,181],{"class":180},"srTi1"," f",[153,183,185],{"class":184},"sMOD_","() {\n",[153,187,189,192,195,198,201,204,207],{"class":155,"line":188},4,[153,190,191],{"class":176},"  int",[153,193,194],{"class":159}," *",[153,196,197],{"class":184},"i ",[153,199,200],{"class":159},"=",[153,202,203],{"class":159}," new",[153,205,206],{"class":176}," int",[153,208,209],{"class":184},";\n",[153,211,213,217,220,223,226,229,232],{"class":155,"line":212},5,[153,214,216],{"class":215},"sz2Vg","  std",[153,218,219],{"class":184},"::shared_ptr",[153,221,222],{"class":159},"\u003C",[153,224,225],{"class":176},"int",[153,227,228],{"class":159},">",[153,230,231],{"class":180}," p1",[153,233,234],{"class":184},"(i);\n",[153,236,238,240,242,244,246,248,251],{"class":155,"line":237},6,[153,239,216],{"class":215},[153,241,219],{"class":184},[153,243,222],{"class":159},[153,245,225],{"class":176},[153,247,228],{"class":159},[153,249,250],{"class":180}," p2",[153,252,234],{"class":184},[153,254,256],{"class":155,"line":255},7,[153,257,258],{"class":184},"}\n",[119,260,262],{"id":261},"compliant-solution","Compliant Solution",[39,264,265,266,268,269,271,272,274,275,278],{},"In this compliant solution, the ",[43,267,49],{}," objects are related to one another through copy construction. When the local, automatic variable ",[43,270,128],{}," is destroyed, the use count for the shared pointer value is decremented but still nonzero. Then, when the local, automatic variable ",[43,273,132],{}," is destroyed, the use count for the shared pointer value is decremented to zero, and the managed pointer is destroyed. This compliant solution also calls ",[43,276,277],{},"std::make_shared"," () instead of allocating a raw pointer and storing its value in a local variable.",[140,280,282],{"quality":281},"good",[144,283,285],{"className":146,"code":284,"language":148,"meta":149,"style":149},"#include \u003Cmemory>\n\nvoid f() {\n  std::shared_ptr\u003Cint> p1 = std::make_shared\u003Cint>();\n  std::shared_ptr\u003Cint> p2(p1);\n}\n",[43,286,287,293,297,305,338,355],{"__ignoreMap":149},[153,288,289,291],{"class":155,"line":156},[153,290,160],{"class":159},[153,292,164],{"class":163},[153,294,295],{"class":155,"line":167},[153,296,170],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":7},[153,298,299,301,303],{"class":155,"line":173},[153,300,177],{"class":176},[153,302,181],{"class":180},[153,304,185],{"class":184},[153,306,307,309,311,313,315,317,320,322,325,328,331,333,335],{"class":155,"line":188},[153,308,216],{"class":215},[153,310,219],{"class":184},[153,312,222],{"class":159},[153,314,225],{"class":176},[153,316,228],{"class":159},[153,318,319],{"class":184}," p1 ",[153,321,200],{"class":159},[153,323,324],{"class":215}," std",[153,326,327],{"class":184},"::",[153,329,330],{"class":180},"make_shared",[153,332,222],{"class":184},[153,334,225],{"class":176},[153,336,337],{"class":184},">();\n",[153,339,340,342,344,346,348,350,352],{"class":155,"line":212},[153,341,216],{"class":215},[153,343,219],{"class":184},[153,345,222],{"class":159},[153,347,225],{"class":176},[153,349,228],{"class":159},[153,351,250],{"class":180},[153,353,354],{"class":184},"(p1);\n",[153,356,357],{"class":155,"line":237},[153,358,258],{"class":184},[119,360,122],{"id":361},"noncompliant-code-example-1",[39,363,364,365,368,369,371,372,375,376,379,380,382,383,387,388,390,391,394,395,398,399,401,402,405,406,408],{},"In this noncompliant code example, the ",[43,366,367],{},"poly"," pointer value owned by a ",[43,370,49],{}," object is cast to the ",[43,373,374],{},"  D * "," pointer type with ",[43,377,378],{},"dynamic_cast"," in an attempt to obtain a ",[43,381,49],{}," of the polymorphic derived type. However, this eventually results in ",[135,384,386],{"href":385},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Fbb-definitions#BB.Definitions-undefinedbehavior","undefined behavior"," as the same pointer is thereby stored in two different ",[43,389,49],{}," objects. When ",[43,392,393],{},"g()"," exits, the pointer stored in ",[43,396,397],{},"derived"," is freed by the default deleter. Any further use of ",[43,400,367],{}," results in accessing freed memory. When ",[43,403,404],{},"f()"," exits, the same pointer stored in ",[43,407,367],{}," is destroyed, resulting in a double-free vulnerability.",[140,410,411],{"quality":142},[144,412,414],{"className":146,"code":413,"language":148,"meta":149,"style":149},"#include \u003Cmemory>\n\nstruct B {\n  virtual ~B() = default; \u002F\u002F Polymorphic object\n  \u002F\u002F ...\n};\nstruct D : B {};\n\nvoid g(std::shared_ptr\u003CD> derived);\n\nvoid f() {\n  std::shared_ptr\u003CB> poly(new D);\n  \u002F\u002F ...\n  g(std::shared_ptr\u003CD>(dynamic_cast\u003CD *>(poly.get())));\n  \u002F\u002F Any use of poly will now result in accessing freed memory.\n}\n",[43,415,416,422,426,437,460,465,470,480,485,518,523,532,557,562,601,607],{"__ignoreMap":149},[153,417,418,420],{"class":155,"line":156},[153,419,160],{"class":159},[153,421,164],{"class":163},[153,423,424],{"class":155,"line":167},[153,425,170],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":7},[153,427,428,431,434],{"class":155,"line":173},[153,429,430],{"class":176},"struct",[153,432,433],{"class":215}," B",[153,435,436],{"class":184}," {\n",[153,438,439,442,445,448,450,453,456],{"class":155,"line":188},[153,440,441],{"class":159},"  virtual",[153,443,444],{"class":180}," ~B",[153,446,447],{"class":184},"() ",[153,449,200],{"class":159},[153,451,452],{"class":159}," default",[153,454,455],{"class":184},";",[153,457,459],{"class":458},"s8-w5"," \u002F\u002F Polymorphic object\n",[153,461,462],{"class":155,"line":212},[153,463,464],{"class":458},"  \u002F\u002F ...\n",[153,466,467],{"class":155,"line":237},[153,468,469],{"class":184},"};\n",[153,471,472,474,477],{"class":155,"line":255},[153,473,430],{"class":176},[153,475,476],{"class":215}," D",[153,478,479],{"class":184}," : B {};\n",[153,481,483],{"class":155,"line":482},8,[153,484,170],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":7},[153,486,488,490,493,496,499,501,504,506,509,512,515],{"class":155,"line":487},9,[153,489,177],{"class":176},[153,491,492],{"class":180}," g",[153,494,495],{"class":184},"(",[153,497,498],{"class":215},"std",[153,500,327],{"class":184},[153,502,503],{"class":215},"shared_ptr",[153,505,222],{"class":184},[153,507,508],{"class":215},"D",[153,510,511],{"class":184},"> ",[153,513,397],{"class":514},"sTHNf",[153,516,517],{"class":184},");\n",[153,519,521],{"class":155,"line":520},10,[153,522,170],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":7},[153,524,526,528,530],{"class":155,"line":525},11,[153,527,177],{"class":176},[153,529,181],{"class":180},[153,531,185],{"class":184},[153,533,535,537,539,541,544,546,549,551,554],{"class":155,"line":534},12,[153,536,216],{"class":215},[153,538,219],{"class":184},[153,540,222],{"class":159},[153,542,543],{"class":184},"B",[153,545,228],{"class":159},[153,547,548],{"class":180}," poly",[153,550,495],{"class":184},[153,552,553],{"class":159},"new",[153,555,556],{"class":184}," D);\n",[153,558,560],{"class":155,"line":559},13,[153,561,464],{"class":458},[153,563,565,568,570,572,574,576,578,580,583,586,589,592,595,598],{"class":155,"line":564},14,[153,566,567],{"class":180},"  g",[153,569,495],{"class":184},[153,571,498],{"class":215},[153,573,327],{"class":184},[153,575,503],{"class":180},[153,577,222],{"class":184},[153,579,508],{"class":215},[153,581,582],{"class":184},">(",[153,584,585],{"class":159},"dynamic_cast\u003C",[153,587,588],{"class":184},"D ",[153,590,591],{"class":159},"*>",[153,593,594],{"class":184},"(poly.",[153,596,597],{"class":180},"get",[153,599,600],{"class":184},"())));\n",[153,602,604],{"class":155,"line":603},15,[153,605,606],{"class":458},"  \u002F\u002F Any use of poly will now result in accessing freed memory.\n",[153,608,610],{"class":155,"line":609},16,[153,611,258],{"class":184},[119,613,262],{"id":614},"compliant-solution-1",[39,616,265,617,619,620,623,624,626,627,629,630,632,633,635,636,638,639,641],{},[43,618,378],{}," is replaced with a call to ",[43,621,622],{},"std::dynamic_pointer_cast()"," , which returns a ",[43,625,49],{}," of the polymorphic type with the valid shared pointer value. When ",[43,628,393],{}," exits, the reference count to the underlying pointer is decremented by the destruction of ",[43,631,397],{}," , but because of the reference held by ",[43,634,367],{}," (within ",[43,637,404],{}," ), the stored pointer value is still valid after ",[43,640,393],{}," returns.",[140,643,644],{"quality":281},[144,645,647],{"className":146,"code":646,"language":148,"meta":149,"style":149},"#include \u003Cmemory>\n\nstruct B {\n  virtual ~B() = default; \u002F\u002F Polymorphic object\n  \u002F\u002F ...\n};\nstruct D : B {};\n\nvoid g(std::shared_ptr\u003CD> derived);\n\nvoid f() {\n  std::shared_ptr\u003CB> poly(new D);\n  \u002F\u002F ...\n  g(std::dynamic_pointer_cast\u003CD, B>(poly));\n  \u002F\u002F poly is still referring to a valid pointer value.\n}\n",[43,648,649,655,659,667,683,687,691,699,703,727,731,739,759,763,788,793],{"__ignoreMap":149},[153,650,651,653],{"class":155,"line":156},[153,652,160],{"class":159},[153,654,164],{"class":163},[153,656,657],{"class":155,"line":167},[153,658,170],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":7},[153,660,661,663,665],{"class":155,"line":173},[153,662,430],{"class":176},[153,664,433],{"class":215},[153,666,436],{"class":184},[153,668,669,671,673,675,677,679,681],{"class":155,"line":188},[153,670,441],{"class":159},[153,672,444],{"class":180},[153,674,447],{"class":184},[153,676,200],{"class":159},[153,678,452],{"class":159},[153,680,455],{"class":184},[153,682,459],{"class":458},[153,684,685],{"class":155,"line":212},[153,686,464],{"class":458},[153,688,689],{"class":155,"line":237},[153,690,469],{"class":184},[153,692,693,695,697],{"class":155,"line":255},[153,694,430],{"class":176},[153,696,476],{"class":215},[153,698,479],{"class":184},[153,700,701],{"class":155,"line":482},[153,702,170],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":7},[153,704,705,707,709,711,713,715,717,719,721,723,725],{"class":155,"line":487},[153,706,177],{"class":176},[153,708,492],{"class":180},[153,710,495],{"class":184},[153,712,498],{"class":215},[153,714,327],{"class":184},[153,716,503],{"class":215},[153,718,222],{"class":184},[153,720,508],{"class":215},[153,722,511],{"class":184},[153,724,397],{"class":514},[153,726,517],{"class":184},[153,728,729],{"class":155,"line":520},[153,730,170],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":7},[153,732,733,735,737],{"class":155,"line":525},[153,734,177],{"class":176},[153,736,181],{"class":180},[153,738,185],{"class":184},[153,740,741,743,745,747,749,751,753,755,757],{"class":155,"line":534},[153,742,216],{"class":215},[153,744,219],{"class":184},[153,746,222],{"class":159},[153,748,543],{"class":184},[153,750,228],{"class":159},[153,752,548],{"class":180},[153,754,495],{"class":184},[153,756,553],{"class":159},[153,758,556],{"class":184},[153,760,761],{"class":155,"line":559},[153,762,464],{"class":458},[153,764,765,767,769,771,773,776,778,780,783,785],{"class":155,"line":564},[153,766,567],{"class":180},[153,768,495],{"class":184},[153,770,498],{"class":215},[153,772,327],{"class":184},[153,774,775],{"class":180},"dynamic_pointer_cast",[153,777,222],{"class":184},[153,779,508],{"class":215},[153,781,782],{"class":184},", ",[153,784,543],{"class":215},[153,786,787],{"class":184},">(poly));\n",[153,789,790],{"class":155,"line":603},[153,791,792],{"class":458},"  \u002F\u002F poly is still referring to a valid pointer value.\n",[153,794,795],{"class":155,"line":609},[153,796,258],{"class":184},[119,798,122],{"id":799},"noncompliant-code-example-2",[39,801,802,803,805,806,809,810,813,814,817,818,820,821,823,824,826,827,830,831,833,834,836],{},"In this noncompliant code example, a ",[43,804,49],{}," of type ",[43,807,808],{},"S"," is constructed and stored in ",[43,811,812],{},"s1"," . Later, ",[43,815,816],{},"S::g()"," is called to get another shared pointer to the pointer value managed by ",[43,819,812],{}," . However, the smart pointer returned by ",[43,822,816],{}," is not related to the smart pointer stored in ",[43,825,812],{}," . When ",[43,828,829],{},"s2"," is destroyed, it will free the pointer managed by ",[43,832,812],{}," , causing a double-free vulnerability when ",[43,835,812],{}," is destroyed.",[140,838,839],{"quality":142},[144,840,842],{"className":146,"code":841,"language":148,"meta":149,"style":149},"#include \u003Cmemory>\n\nstruct S {\n  std::shared_ptr\u003CS> g() { return std::shared_ptr\u003CS>(this); }    \n};\n\nvoid f() {\n  std::shared_ptr\u003CS> s1 = std::make_shared\u003CS>();\n  \u002F\u002F ...\n  std::shared_ptr\u003CS> s2 = s1->g();\n}\n",[43,843,844,850,854,863,905,909,913,921,950,954,979],{"__ignoreMap":149},[153,845,846,848],{"class":155,"line":156},[153,847,160],{"class":159},[153,849,164],{"class":163},[153,851,852],{"class":155,"line":167},[153,853,170],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":7},[153,855,856,858,861],{"class":155,"line":173},[153,857,430],{"class":176},[153,859,860],{"class":215}," S",[153,862,436],{"class":184},[153,864,865,867,869,871,873,875,877,880,883,886,888,890,892,894,896,898,902],{"class":155,"line":188},[153,866,216],{"class":215},[153,868,327],{"class":184},[153,870,503],{"class":215},[153,872,222],{"class":184},[153,874,808],{"class":215},[153,876,511],{"class":184},[153,878,879],{"class":180},"g",[153,881,882],{"class":184},"() { ",[153,884,885],{"class":159},"return",[153,887,324],{"class":215},[153,889,327],{"class":184},[153,891,503],{"class":180},[153,893,222],{"class":184},[153,895,808],{"class":215},[153,897,582],{"class":184},[153,899,901],{"class":900},"sP7S_","this",[153,903,904],{"class":184},"); }    \n",[153,906,907],{"class":155,"line":212},[153,908,469],{"class":184},[153,910,911],{"class":155,"line":237},[153,912,170],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":7},[153,914,915,917,919],{"class":155,"line":255},[153,916,177],{"class":176},[153,918,181],{"class":180},[153,920,185],{"class":184},[153,922,923,925,927,929,931,933,936,938,940,942,944,946,948],{"class":155,"line":482},[153,924,216],{"class":215},[153,926,219],{"class":184},[153,928,222],{"class":159},[153,930,808],{"class":184},[153,932,228],{"class":159},[153,934,935],{"class":184}," s1 ",[153,937,200],{"class":159},[153,939,324],{"class":215},[153,941,327],{"class":184},[153,943,330],{"class":180},[153,945,222],{"class":184},[153,947,808],{"class":215},[153,949,337],{"class":184},[153,951,952],{"class":155,"line":487},[153,953,464],{"class":458},[153,955,956,958,960,962,964,966,969,971,974,976],{"class":155,"line":520},[153,957,216],{"class":215},[153,959,219],{"class":184},[153,961,222],{"class":159},[153,963,808],{"class":184},[153,965,228],{"class":159},[153,967,968],{"class":184}," s2 ",[153,970,200],{"class":159},[153,972,973],{"class":184}," s1->",[153,975,879],{"class":180},[153,977,978],{"class":184},"();\n",[153,980,981],{"class":155,"line":525},[153,982,258],{"class":184},[119,984,262],{"id":985},"compliant-solution-2",[39,987,988,989,992,993,995,996,998,999,1001,1002,1005,1006,1008,1009,1011,1012,1014,1015,1017,1018,1020],{},"The compliant solution is to use ",[43,990,991],{},"std::enable_shared_from_this::shared_from_this()"," to get a shared pointer from ",[43,994,808],{}," that is related to an existing ",[43,997,49],{}," object. A common implementation strategy is for the ",[43,1000,49],{}," constructors to detect the presence of a pointer that inherits from ",[43,1003,1004],{},"std::enable_shared_from_this"," , and automatically update the internal bookkeeping required for ",[43,1007,991],{}," to work. Note that ",[43,1010,991],{}," requires an existing ",[43,1013,49],{}," instance that manages the pointer value pointed to by ",[43,1016,901],{}," . Failure to meet this requirement results in ",[135,1019,386],{"href":385}," , as it would result in a smart pointer attempting to manage the lifetime of an object that itself does not have lifetime management semantics.",[140,1022,1023],{"quality":281},[144,1024,1026],{"className":146,"code":1025,"language":148,"meta":149,"style":149},"#include \u003Cmemory>\n\nstruct S : std::enable_shared_from_this\u003CS> {\n  std::shared_ptr\u003CS> g() { return shared_from_this(); }    \n};\n\nvoid f() {\n  std::shared_ptr\u003CS> s1 = std::make_shared\u003CS>();\n  std::shared_ptr\u003CS> s2 = s1->g();\n}\n",[43,1027,1028,1034,1038,1057,1083,1087,1091,1099,1127,1149],{"__ignoreMap":149},[153,1029,1030,1032],{"class":155,"line":156},[153,1031,160],{"class":159},[153,1033,164],{"class":163},[153,1035,1036],{"class":155,"line":167},[153,1037,170],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":7},[153,1039,1040,1042,1044,1047,1050,1052,1054],{"class":155,"line":173},[153,1041,430],{"class":176},[153,1043,860],{"class":215},[153,1045,1046],{"class":184}," : std::",[153,1048,1049],{"class":215},"enable_shared_from_this",[153,1051,222],{"class":184},[153,1053,808],{"class":215},[153,1055,1056],{"class":184},"> {\n",[153,1058,1059,1061,1063,1065,1067,1069,1071,1073,1075,1077,1080],{"class":155,"line":188},[153,1060,216],{"class":215},[153,1062,327],{"class":184},[153,1064,503],{"class":215},[153,1066,222],{"class":184},[153,1068,808],{"class":215},[153,1070,511],{"class":184},[153,1072,879],{"class":180},[153,1074,882],{"class":184},[153,1076,885],{"class":159},[153,1078,1079],{"class":180}," shared_from_this",[153,1081,1082],{"class":184},"(); }    \n",[153,1084,1085],{"class":155,"line":212},[153,1086,469],{"class":184},[153,1088,1089],{"class":155,"line":237},[153,1090,170],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":7},[153,1092,1093,1095,1097],{"class":155,"line":255},[153,1094,177],{"class":176},[153,1096,181],{"class":180},[153,1098,185],{"class":184},[153,1100,1101,1103,1105,1107,1109,1111,1113,1115,1117,1119,1121,1123,1125],{"class":155,"line":482},[153,1102,216],{"class":215},[153,1104,219],{"class":184},[153,1106,222],{"class":159},[153,1108,808],{"class":184},[153,1110,228],{"class":159},[153,1112,935],{"class":184},[153,1114,200],{"class":159},[153,1116,324],{"class":215},[153,1118,327],{"class":184},[153,1120,330],{"class":180},[153,1122,222],{"class":184},[153,1124,808],{"class":215},[153,1126,337],{"class":184},[153,1128,1129,1131,1133,1135,1137,1139,1141,1143,1145,1147],{"class":155,"line":487},[153,1130,216],{"class":215},[153,1132,219],{"class":184},[153,1134,222],{"class":159},[153,1136,808],{"class":184},[153,1138,228],{"class":159},[153,1140,968],{"class":184},[153,1142,200],{"class":159},[153,1144,973],{"class":184},[153,1146,879],{"class":180},[153,1148,978],{"class":184},[153,1150,1151],{"class":155,"line":520},[153,1152,258],{"class":184},[119,1154,1156],{"id":1155},"risk-assessment","Risk Assessment",[39,1158,1159,1160,1162,1163,117],{},"Passing a pointer value to a deallocation function that was not previously obtained by the matching allocation function results in ",[135,1161,386],{"href":385}," , which can lead to exploitable ",[135,1164,1165],{"href":137},"vulnerabilities",[1167,1168,1169,1170,1169,1200],"table",{},"\n  ",[1171,1172,1173,1174,1169],"thead",{},"\n    ",[1175,1176,1177,1178,1177,1182,1177,1185,1177,1188,1177,1191,1177,1194,1177,1197,1173],"tr",{},"\n      ",[1179,1180,1181],"th",{},"Rule",[1179,1183,1184],{},"Severity",[1179,1186,1187],{},"Likelihood",[1179,1189,1190],{},"Detectable",[1179,1192,1193],{},"Repairable",[1179,1195,1196],{},"Priority",[1179,1198,1199],{},"Level",[1201,1202,1173,1203,1169],"tbody",{},[1175,1204,1177,1205,1177,1209,1177,1212,1177,1215,1177,1218,1177,1220,1177,1227,1173],{},[1206,1207,1208],"td",{},"MEM56-CPP",[1206,1210,1211],{},"High",[1206,1213,1214],{},"Likely",[1206,1216,1217],{},"No",[1206,1219,1217],{},[1206,1221,1223],{"style":1222},"color: #f1c40f;",[1224,1225,1226],"b",{},"P9",[1206,1228,1229],{"style":1222},[1224,1230,1231],{},"L2",[119,1233,1235],{"id":1234},"automated-detection","Automated Detection",[1167,1237,1240],{"className":1238},[1239],"wrapped",[1201,1241,1242,1266,1299,1326,1354,1382,1408,1434,1469],{},[1175,1243,1246,1251,1256,1261],{"className":1244},[1245],"header",[1179,1247,1248],{},[39,1249,1250],{},"Tool",[1179,1252,1253],{},[39,1254,1255],{},"Version",[1179,1257,1258],{},[39,1259,1260],{},"Checker",[1179,1262,1263],{},[39,1264,1265],{},"Description",[1175,1267,1270,1276,1286,1295],{"className":1268},[1269],"odd",[1206,1271,1272],{},[135,1273,1275],{"href":1274},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Fcc-analyzers\u002Fastree","Astrée",[1206,1277,1278],{},[1279,1280,1283],"div",{"className":1281},[1282],"content-wrapper",[39,1284,1285],{},"25.10",[1206,1287,1288],{},[1289,1290,1291,1292],"strong",{},"dangling_pointer_use",[1293,1294],"br",{},[1206,1296,1297],{},[1293,1298],{},[1175,1300,1303,1309,1317,1322],{"className":1301},[1302],"even",[1206,1304,1305],{},[135,1306,1308],{"href":1307},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Fcc-analyzers\u002Faxivion-bauhaus-suite","Axivion Bauhaus Suite",[1206,1310,1311],{},[1279,1312,1314],{"className":1313},[1282],[39,1315,1316],{},"7.2.0",[1206,1318,1319],{},[1289,1320,1321],{},"CertC++-MEM56",[1206,1323,1324],{},[1293,1325],{},[1175,1327,1329,1335,1343,1350],{"className":1328},[1269],[1206,1330,1331],{},[135,1332,1334],{"href":1333},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Fcc-analyzers\u002Fhelix-qac","Helix QAC",[1206,1336,1337],{},[1279,1338,1340],{"className":1339},[1282],[39,1341,1342],{},"2025.2",[1206,1344,1345],{},[39,1346,1347],{},[1289,1348,1349],{},"DF4721, DF4722, DF4723",[1206,1351,1352],{},[1293,1353],{},[1175,1355,1357,1363,1368,1376],{"className":1356},[1302],[1206,1358,1359],{},[135,1360,1362],{"href":1361},"\u002Fsei-cert-c-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Fee-analyzers\u002Fklocwork","Klocwork",[1206,1364,1365],{},[1279,1366,1342],{"className":1367},[1282],[1206,1369,1370],{},[1289,1371,1372,1373,1375],{},"CERT.MEM.SMART_PTR.OWNED",[1293,1374],{},"\nCERT.MEM.SMART_PTR.OWNED.THIS",[1206,1377,1378],{},[39,1379,1380],{},[1293,1381],{},[1175,1383,1385,1391,1398,1403],{"className":1384},[1269],[1206,1386,1387],{},[135,1388,1390],{"href":1389},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Fcc-analyzers\u002Fparasoft","Parasoft C\u002FC++test",[1206,1392,1393],{},[1279,1394,1396],{"className":1395},[1282],[39,1397,1342],{},[1206,1399,1400],{},[1289,1401,1402],{},"CERT_CPP-MEM56-a",[1206,1404,1405],{},[39,1406,1407],{},"Do not store an already-owned pointer value in an unrelated smart pointer",[1175,1409,1411,1417,1425,1431],{"className":1410},[1302],[1206,1412,1413],{},[135,1414,1416],{"href":1415},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Fcc-analyzers\u002Fpolyspace-bug-finder","Polyspace Bug Finder",[1206,1418,1419],{},[1279,1420,1422],{"className":1421},[1282],[39,1423,1424],{},"R2025b",[1206,1426,1427],{},[135,1428,1430],{"href":1429},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.mathworks.com\u002Fhelp\u002Fbugfinder\u002Fref\u002Fcertcmem56cpp.html","CERT C++: MEM56-CPP",[1206,1432,1433],{},"Checks for use of already-owned pointers (rule fully covered)",[1175,1435,1437,1445,1453,1463],{"className":1436},[1269],[1206,1438,1439],{},[39,1440,1441],{},[135,1442,1444],{"href":1443},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Fcc-analyzers\u002Fpvs-studio","PVS-Studio",[1206,1446,1447],{},[1279,1448,1450],{"className":1449},[1282],[39,1451,1452],{},"7.42",[1206,1454,1455],{},[39,1456,1457],{},[1289,1458,1459],{},[135,1460,1462],{"href":1461},"https:\u002F\u002Fpvs-studio.com\u002Fen\u002Fdocs\u002Fwarnings\u002Fv1006\u002F","V1006",[1206,1464,1465],{},[39,1466,1467],{},[1293,1468],{},[1175,1470,1472,1480,1488,1495],{"className":1471},[1302],[1206,1473,1474],{},[39,1475,1476],{},[135,1477,1479],{"href":1478},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Fcc-analyzers\u002Fsecurity-reviewer-static-reviewer","Security Reviewer - Static Reviewer",[1206,1481,1482],{},[1279,1483,1485],{"className":1484},[1282],[39,1486,1487],{},"6.02",[1206,1489,1490],{},[39,1491,1492],{},[1289,1493,1494],{},"va_start_subsequentCalls",[1206,1496,1497],{},[39,1498,1499],{},"Fully implemented",[119,1501,1503],{"id":1502},"related-vulnerabilities","Related Vulnerabilities",[39,1505,1506,1507,1510,1511,117],{},"Search for other ",[135,1508,1165],{"href":1509},"\u002Fsei-cert-c-coding-standard\u002Fback-matter\u002Fbb-definitions#BB.Definitions-vulnerability"," resulting from the violation of this rule on the ",[135,1512,1516],{"href":1513,"rel":1514},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kb.cert.org\u002Fvulnotes\u002Fbymetric?searchview&query=FIELD+KEYWORDS+contains+MEM56-CPP",[1515],"nofollow","CERT website",[119,1518,1520],{"id":1519},"related-guidelines","Related Guidelines",[1167,1522,1524],{"className":1523},[1239],[1201,1525,1526,1546],{},[1175,1527,1529,1534],{"className":1528},[1269],[1206,1530,1531],{},[135,1532,1533],{"href":20},"SEI CERT C++ Coding Standard",[1206,1535,1536,1540,1542],{},[135,1537,1539],{"href":1538},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmemory-management-mem\u002Fmem50-cpp","MEM50-CPP. Do not access freed memory",[1293,1541],{},[135,1543,1545],{"href":1544},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmemory-management-mem\u002Fmem51-cpp","MEM51-CPP. Properly deallocate dynamically allocated resources",[1175,1547,1549,1555],{"className":1548},[1302],[1206,1550,1551],{},[135,1552,1554],{"href":1553},"http:\u002F\u002Fcwe.mitre.org\u002F","MITRE CWE",[1206,1556,1557],{},[39,1558,1559,1563,1564,1566,1570,1571,1573,1577],{},[135,1560,1562],{"href":1561},"http:\u002F\u002Fcwe.mitre.org\u002Fdata\u002Fdefinitions\u002F415.html","CWE-415"," , Double Free",[1293,1565],{},[135,1567,1569],{"href":1568},"http:\u002F\u002Fcwe.mitre.org\u002Fdata\u002Fdefinitions\u002F416.html","CWE-416"," , Use After Free",[1293,1572],{},[135,1574,1576],{"href":1575},"http:\u002F\u002Fcwe.mitre.org\u002Fdata\u002Fdefinitions\u002F762.html","CWE 762"," , Mismatched Memory Management Routines",[119,1579,1581],{"id":1580},"bibliography","Bibliography",[1167,1583,1584,1592],{},[1171,1585,1586],{},[1175,1587,1588,1590],{},[1179,1589],{},[1179,1591],{},[1201,1593,1594],{},[1175,1595,1596,1604],{},[1206,1597,1598,1599,1603],{},"[ 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Avoid using default operator new for over-aligned types","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F10.memory-management-mem\u002F9.mem57-cpp",[1678],{"title":1533,"path":1679,"stem":1680,"children":1681},"\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F1.index",[1682,1683,1750,2141,2352,2362],{"title":1533,"path":1679,"stem":1680},{"title":1684,"path":1685,"stem":1686,"children":1687},"Front 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Validation","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Ffront-matter\u002Fintroduction\u002Ftool-selection-and-validation","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F2.front-matter\u002F2.introduction\u002F08.tool-selection-and-validation",{"title":1724,"path":1725,"stem":1726},"Conformance Testing","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Ffront-matter\u002Fintroduction\u002Fconformance-testing","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F2.front-matter\u002F2.introduction\u002F09.conformance-testing",{"title":1728,"path":1729,"stem":1730},"Development Process","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Ffront-matter\u002Fintroduction\u002Fdevelopment-process","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F2.front-matter\u002F2.introduction\u002F10.development-process",{"title":1732,"path":1733,"stem":1734},"System 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Range check element access","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fcharacters-and-strings-str\u002Fstr53-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F02.characters-and-strings-str\u002F4.str53-cpp",{"title":1775,"path":1776,"stem":1777},"string from a null pointer","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fcharacters-and-strings-str\u002Fstring-from-a-null-pointer","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F02.characters-and-strings-str\u002F5.string-from-a-null-pointer",{"title":1779,"path":1780,"stem":1781,"children":1782},"Concurrency (CON)","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fconcurrency-con","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F03.concurrency-con\u002F1.index",[1783,1784,1788,1792,1796,1800,1804,1808],{"title":1779,"path":1780,"stem":1781},{"title":1785,"path":1786,"stem":1787},"CON50-CPP. 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Do not speculatively lock a non-recursive mutex that is already owned by the calling thread","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fconcurrency-con\u002Fcon56-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F03.concurrency-con\u002F8.con56-cpp",{"title":1813,"path":1814,"stem":1815,"children":1816},"Containers (CTR)","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fcontainers-ctr","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F04.containers-ctr\u002F01.index",[1817,1818,1822,1826,1830,1834,1838,1842,1846,1850],{"title":1813,"path":1814,"stem":1815},{"title":1819,"path":1820,"stem":1821},"CTR50-CPP. Guarantee that container indices and iterators are within the valid range","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fcontainers-ctr\u002Fctr50-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F04.containers-ctr\u002F02.ctr50-cpp",{"title":1823,"path":1824,"stem":1825},"CTR51-CPP. 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Provide a valid ordering predicate","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fcontainers-ctr\u002Fctr57-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F04.containers-ctr\u002F09.ctr57-cpp",{"title":1851,"path":1852,"stem":1853},"CTR58-CPP. Predicate function objects should not be mutable","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fcontainers-ctr\u002Fctr58-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F04.containers-ctr\u002F10.ctr58-cpp",{"title":1855,"path":1856,"stem":1857,"children":1858},"Declarations and Initialization (DCL)","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fdeclarations-and-initialization-dcl","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F05.declarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002F01.index",[1859,1860,1864,1868,1872,1876,1880,1884,1888,1892,1896,1900],{"title":1855,"path":1856,"stem":1857},{"title":1861,"path":1862,"stem":1863},"DCL50-CPP. Do not define a C-style variadic function","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fdeclarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002Fdcl50-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F05.declarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002F02.dcl50-cpp",{"title":1865,"path":1866,"stem":1867},"DCL51-CPP. Do not declare or define a reserved identifier","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fdeclarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002Fdcl51-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F05.declarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002F03.dcl51-cpp",{"title":1869,"path":1870,"stem":1871},"DCL52-CPP. Never qualify a reference type with const or volatile","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fdeclarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002Fdcl52-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F05.declarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002F04.dcl52-cpp",{"title":1873,"path":1874,"stem":1875},"DCL53-CPP. Do not write syntactically ambiguous declarations","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fdeclarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002Fdcl53-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F05.declarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002F05.dcl53-cpp",{"title":1877,"path":1878,"stem":1879},"DCL54-CPP. Overload allocation and deallocation functions as a pair in the same scope","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fdeclarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002Fdcl54-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F05.declarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002F06.dcl54-cpp",{"title":1881,"path":1882,"stem":1883},"DCL55-CPP. Avoid information leakage when passing a class object across a trust boundary","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fdeclarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002Fdcl55-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F05.declarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002F07.dcl55-cpp",{"title":1885,"path":1886,"stem":1887},"DCL56-CPP. Avoid cycles during initialization of static objects","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fdeclarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002Fdcl56-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F05.declarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002F08.dcl56-cpp",{"title":1889,"path":1890,"stem":1891},"DCL57-CPP. Do not let exceptions escape from destructors or deallocation functions","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fdeclarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002Fdcl57-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F05.declarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002F09.dcl57-cpp",{"title":1893,"path":1894,"stem":1895},"DCL58-CPP. Do not modify the standard namespaces","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fdeclarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002Fdcl58-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F05.declarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002F10.dcl58-cpp",{"title":1897,"path":1898,"stem":1899},"DCL59-CPP. Do not define an unnamed namespace in a header file","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fdeclarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002Fdcl59-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F05.declarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002F11.dcl59-cpp",{"title":1901,"path":1902,"stem":1903},"DCL60-CPP. Obey the one-definition rule","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fdeclarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002Fdcl60-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F05.declarations-and-initialization-dcl\u002F12.dcl60-cpp",{"title":1905,"path":1906,"stem":1907,"children":1908},"Exceptions and Error Handling (ERR)","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F01.index",[1909,1910,1914,1918,1922,1926,1930,1934,1938,1942,1946,1950,1954,1958],{"title":1905,"path":1906,"stem":1907},{"title":1911,"path":1912,"stem":1913},"ERR50-CPP. Do not abruptly terminate the program","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr50-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F02.err50-cpp",{"title":1915,"path":1916,"stem":1917},"ERR51-CPP. Handle all exceptions","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr51-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F03.err51-cpp",{"title":1919,"path":1920,"stem":1921},"ERR52-CPP. Do not use setjmp() or longjmp()","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr52-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F04.err52-cpp",{"title":1923,"path":1924,"stem":1925},"ERR53-CPP. Do not reference base classes or class data members in a constructor or destructor function-try-block handler","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr53-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F05.err53-cpp",{"title":1927,"path":1928,"stem":1929},"ERR54-CPP. Catch handlers should order their parameter types from most derived to least derived","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr54-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F06.err54-cpp",{"title":1931,"path":1932,"stem":1933},"ERR55-CPP. Honor exception specifications","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr55-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F07.err55-cpp",{"title":1935,"path":1936,"stem":1937},"ERR56-CPP. Guarantee exception safety","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr56-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F08.err56-cpp",{"title":1939,"path":1940,"stem":1941},"ERR57-CPP. Do not leak resources when handling exceptions","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr57-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F09.err57-cpp",{"title":1943,"path":1944,"stem":1945},"ERR58-CPP. Handle all exceptions thrown before main() begins executing","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr58-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F10.err58-cpp",{"title":1947,"path":1948,"stem":1949},"ERR59-CPP. Do not throw an exception across execution boundaries","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr59-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F11.err59-cpp",{"title":1951,"path":1952,"stem":1953},"ERR60-CPP. Exception objects must be nothrow copy constructible","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr60-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F12.err60-cpp",{"title":1955,"path":1956,"stem":1957},"ERR61-CPP. Catch exceptions by lvalue reference","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr61-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F13.err61-cpp",{"title":1959,"path":1960,"stem":1961},"ERR62-CPP. Detect errors when converting a string to a number","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002Ferr62-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F06.exceptions-and-error-handling-err\u002F14.err62-cpp",{"title":1963,"path":1964,"stem":1965,"children":1966},"Expressions (EXP)","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F01.index",[1967,1968,1972,1976,1980,1984,1988,1992,1996,2000,2004,2008,2012,2016,2020],{"title":1963,"path":1964,"stem":1965},{"title":1969,"path":1970,"stem":1971},"EXP50-CPP. Do not depend on the order of evaluation for side effects","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp50-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F02.exp50-cpp",{"title":1973,"path":1974,"stem":1975},"EXP51-CPP. Do not delete an array through a pointer of the incorrect type","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp51-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F03.exp51-cpp",{"title":1977,"path":1978,"stem":1979},"EXP52-CPP. Do not rely on side effects in unevaluated operands","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp52-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F04.exp52-cpp",{"title":1981,"path":1982,"stem":1983},"EXP53-CPP. Do not read uninitialized memory","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp53-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F05.exp53-cpp",{"title":1985,"path":1986,"stem":1987},"EXP54-CPP. Do not access an object outside of its lifetime","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp54-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F06.exp54-cpp",{"title":1989,"path":1990,"stem":1991},"EXP55-CPP. Do not access a cv-qualified object through a cv-unqualified type","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp55-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F07.exp55-cpp",{"title":1993,"path":1994,"stem":1995},"EXP56-CPP. Do not call a function with a mismatched language linkage","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp56-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F08.exp56-cpp",{"title":1997,"path":1998,"stem":1999},"EXP57-CPP. Do not cast or delete pointers to incomplete classes","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp57-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F09.exp57-cpp",{"title":2001,"path":2002,"stem":2003},"EXP58-CPP. Pass an object of the correct type to va_start","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp58-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F10.exp58-cpp",{"title":2005,"path":2006,"stem":2007},"EXP59-CPP. Use offsetof() on valid types and members","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp59-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F11.exp59-cpp",{"title":2009,"path":2010,"stem":2011},"EXP60-CPP. Do not pass a nonstandard-layout type object across execution boundaries","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp60-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F12.exp60-cpp",{"title":2013,"path":2014,"stem":2015},"EXP61-CPP. A lambda object must not outlive any of its reference captured objects","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp61-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F13.exp61-cpp",{"title":2017,"path":2018,"stem":2019},"EXP62-CPP. Do not access the bits of an object representation that are not part of the object's value representation","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp62-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F14.exp62-cpp",{"title":2021,"path":2022,"stem":2023},"EXP63-CPP. Do not rely on the value of a moved-from object","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fexpressions-exp\u002Fexp63-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F07.expressions-exp\u002F15.exp63-cpp",{"title":2025,"path":2026,"stem":2027,"children":2028},"Input Output (FIO)","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Finput-output-fio","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F08.input-output-fio\u002F1.index",[2029,2030,2034],{"title":2025,"path":2026,"stem":2027},{"title":2031,"path":2032,"stem":2033},"FIO50-CPP. Do not alternately input and output from a file stream without an intervening positioning call","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Finput-output-fio\u002Ffio50-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F08.input-output-fio\u002F2.fio50-cpp",{"title":2035,"path":2036,"stem":2037},"FIO51-CPP. Close files when they are no longer needed","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Finput-output-fio\u002Ffio51-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F08.input-output-fio\u002F3.fio51-cpp",{"title":2039,"path":2040,"stem":2041,"children":2042},"Integers (INT)","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fintegers-int","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F09.integers-int\u002F1.index",[2043,2044],{"title":2039,"path":2040,"stem":2041},{"title":2045,"path":2046,"stem":2047},"INT50-CPP. Do not cast to an out-of-range enumeration value","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fintegers-int\u002Fint50-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F09.integers-int\u002F2.int50-cpp",{"title":2049,"path":2050,"stem":2051,"children":2052},"Memory Management (MEM)","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmemory-management-mem","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F10.memory-management-mem\u002F1.index",[2053,2054,2056,2058,2062,2066,2070,2071,2072],{"title":2049,"path":2050,"stem":2051},{"title":1539,"path":1538,"stem":2055},"5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F10.memory-management-mem\u002F2.mem50-cpp",{"title":1545,"path":1544,"stem":2057},"5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F10.memory-management-mem\u002F3.mem51-cpp",{"title":2059,"path":2060,"stem":2061},"MEM52-CPP. Detect and handle memory allocation errors","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmemory-management-mem\u002Fmem52-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F10.memory-management-mem\u002F4.mem52-cpp",{"title":2063,"path":2064,"stem":2065},"MEM53-CPP. Explicitly construct and destruct objects when manually managing object lifetime","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmemory-management-mem\u002Fmem53-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F10.memory-management-mem\u002F5.mem53-cpp",{"title":2067,"path":2068,"stem":2069},"MEM54-CPP. Provide placement new with properly aligned pointers to sufficient storage capacity","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmemory-management-mem\u002Fmem54-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F10.memory-management-mem\u002F6.mem54-cpp",{"title":1672,"path":1614,"stem":1673},{"title":30,"path":1666,"stem":1668},{"title":1675,"path":1628,"stem":1676},{"title":2074,"path":2075,"stem":2076,"children":2077},"Miscellaneous (MSC)","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmiscellaneous-msc","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F11.miscellaneous-msc\u002F1.index",[2078,2079,2083,2087,2091,2095],{"title":2074,"path":2075,"stem":2076},{"title":2080,"path":2081,"stem":2082},"MSC51-CPP. Ensure your random number generator is properly seeded","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmiscellaneous-msc\u002Fmsc51-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F11.miscellaneous-msc\u002F2.msc51-cpp",{"title":2084,"path":2085,"stem":2086},"MSC52-CPP. Value-returning functions must return a value from all exit paths","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmiscellaneous-msc\u002Fmsc52-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F11.miscellaneous-msc\u002F3.msc52-cpp",{"title":2088,"path":2089,"stem":2090},"MSC53-CPP. Do not return from a function declared [[noreturn]]","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmiscellaneous-msc\u002Fmsc53-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F11.miscellaneous-msc\u002F4.msc53-cpp",{"title":2092,"path":2093,"stem":2094},"MSC54-CPP. A signal handler must be a plain old function","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmiscellaneous-msc\u002Fmsc54-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F11.miscellaneous-msc\u002F5.msc54-cpp",{"title":2096,"path":2097,"stem":2098},"rand() for generating pseudorandom numbers","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fmiscellaneous-msc\u002Frand-for-generating-pseudorandom-numbers","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F11.miscellaneous-msc\u002F6.rand-for-generating-pseudorandom-numbers",{"title":2100,"path":2101,"stem":2102,"children":2103},"Object Oriented Programming (OOP)","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fobject-oriented-programming-oop","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F12.object-oriented-programming-oop\u002F01.index",[2104,2105,2109,2113,2117,2121,2125,2129,2133,2137],{"title":2100,"path":2101,"stem":2102},{"title":2106,"path":2107,"stem":2108},"OOP50-CPP. Do not invoke virtual functions from constructors or destructors","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fobject-oriented-programming-oop\u002Foop50-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F12.object-oriented-programming-oop\u002F02.oop50-cpp",{"title":2110,"path":2111,"stem":2112},"OOP51-CPP. Do not slice derived objects","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fobject-oriented-programming-oop\u002Foop51-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F12.object-oriented-programming-oop\u002F03.oop51-cpp",{"title":2114,"path":2115,"stem":2116},"OOP52-CPP. Do not delete a polymorphic object without a virtual destructor","\u002Fsei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002Frules\u002Fobject-oriented-programming-oop\u002Foop52-cpp","5.sei-cert-cpp-coding-standard\u002F3.rules\u002F12.object-oriented-programming-oop\u002F04.oop52-cpp",{"title":2118,"path":2119,"stem":2120},"OOP53-CPP. 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